roughly Who acts: He, 30 children, 49, you, trip, two bags · What happens: mean, not mean, cut, push, be, not treat · To what, where: 100 people, cut pieces, me, party, 50, puppy · Speech: someone speaks here
«roughly» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: roughly in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Roughly means about, not exactly: roughly 100 people.
advmod advmod punct advmod advmod punct advmod nummod obl punct root Roughly ADV means VERB about ADV , PUNCT not PART exactly ADV : PUNCT roughly ADV 100 NUM people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Roughly roughly ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADV _ 2 means advmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 exactly punct 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 exactly advmod 6 exactly exactly ADV _ 2 means advmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 10 people punct 8 roughly roughly ADV _ 9 100 advmod 9 100 100 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 people nummod 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 means obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present 100 people about, exactly, roughly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Roughly means in a rough, not gentle way.
advmod case det amod punct advmod amod obl punct root Roughly ADV means VERB in ADP a DET rough ADJ , PUNCT not PART gentle ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Roughly roughly ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 9 way case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 way det 5 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 way punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 way advmod 8 gentle gentle ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present in a rough gentle way; roughly property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
He pushed me roughly.
nsubj obj advmod punct root He PRON pushed VERB me PRON roughly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 pushed nsubj 2 pushed push VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 pushed obj 4 roughly roughly ADV _ 2 pushed advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 pushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 push past He me roughly property vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
Meaning 3 Roughly also means not carefully or neatly: roughly cut pieces.
advmod advmod advmod advmod cc conj punct advmod amod obl punct root Roughly ADV also ADV means VERB not PART carefully ADV or CCONJ neatly ADV : PUNCT roughly ADV cut VERB pieces NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Roughly roughly ADV _ 3 means advmod 2 also also ADV _ 3 means advmod 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 means advmod 5 carefully carefully ADV _ 3 means advmod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 neatly cc 7 neatly neatly ADV _ 5 carefully conj 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 pieces punct 9 roughly roughly ADV _ 10 cut advmod 10 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 pieces amod 11 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 3 means obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not mean present cut pieces carefully, roughly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 cut participle roughly property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 There were roughly 30 children at the party.
expl advmod nummod nsubj case det obl punct root There PRON were VERB roughly ADV 30 NUM children NOUN at ADP the DET party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 were expl 2 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 roughly roughly ADV _ 4 30 advmod 4 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 children nummod 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 2 were nsubj 6 at at ADP _ 8 party case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 party det 8 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 were obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 were punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past 30 children the party; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at party=Location
Example 2 49 is roughly 50.
nsubj cop advmod punct root 49 NUM is AUX roughly ADV 50 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 49 49 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 50 nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 50 cop 3 roughly roughly ADV _ 4 50 advmod 4 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 50 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present 49 50 roughly property tree rules
Example 3 Do not treat the puppy roughly.
aux advmod det obj advmod punct root Do AUX not PART treat VERB the DET puppy NOUN roughly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 treat aux 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 treat advmod 3 treat treat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 puppy det 5 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 treat obj 6 roughly roughly ADV _ 3 treat advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 treat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not treat imperative · do-support you not said here the puppy roughly property vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent puppy=Recipient
Example 4 Roughly chop the onion into big pieces.
advmod det obj case amod obl punct root Roughly ADV chop VERB the DET onion NOUN into ADP big ADJ pieces NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Roughly roughly ADV _ 2 chop advmod 2 chop chop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 onion det 4 onion onion NOUN Number=Sing 2 chop obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 pieces case 6 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pieces amod 7 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 2 chop obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 chop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop imperative you not said here the onion into big pieces result ; roughly property vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent onion=Patient into piece=Result
Example 5 The trip takes roughly two hours.
det nsubj advmod nummod obj punct root The DET trip NOUN takes VERB roughly ADV two NUM hours NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 trip det 2 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 3 takes nsubj 3 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 roughly roughly ADV _ 5 two advmod 5 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 hours nummod 6 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 3 takes obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 takes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present the trip hour vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The two bags weigh roughly the same.
det nummod nsubj advmod det obj punct root The DET two NUM bags NOUN weigh VERB roughly ADV the DET same ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bags det 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 bags nummod 3 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 4 weigh nsubj 4 weigh weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 roughly roughly ADV _ 7 same advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 same det 7 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 4 weigh obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 weigh punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present the two bags the same vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme same=Value
Example 7 He grabbed the ball roughly.
nsubj det obj advmod punct root He PRON grabbed VERB the DET ball NOUN roughly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 grabbed nsubj 2 grabbed grab VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ball det 4 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 grabbed obj 5 roughly roughly ADV _ 2 grabbed advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 grabbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grab past He the ball roughly property vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme
Example 8 Roughly speaking, half the class walks to school.
advmod advcl punct det:predet det nsubj case obl punct root Roughly ADV speaking VERB , PUNCT half DET the DET class NOUN walks VERB to ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Roughly roughly ADV _ 2 speaking advmod 2 speaking speak VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 walks advcl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 speaking punct 4 half half DET NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind 6 class det:predet 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 class det 6 class class NOUN Number=Sing 7 walks nsubj 7 walks walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to ADP _ 9 school case 9 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 walks obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 walks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other gerund half class not said here roughly property vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 walk present half class to school result vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to school=Result
Example 9 In this place I can only roughly summarise my results.
case det obl nsubj aux advmod advmod nmod:poss obj punct root In ADP this DET place NOUN I PRON can AUX only ADV roughly ADV summarise VERB my PRON results NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 place case 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 place det 3 place place NOUN Number=Sing 8 summarise obl 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 summarise nsubj 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 summarise aux 6 only only ADV _ 8 summarise advmod 7 roughly roughly ADV _ 8 summarise advmod 8 summarise summarise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 results nmod:poss 10 results result NOUN Number=Plur 8 summarise obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 summarise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 summarise can I my results this place roughly property tree rules 2 result my nom result «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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