rudder Who acts: rudder, upright part, sailor, storm, we, our · What happens: be, turn, steer, help, leave, guide · To what, where: flat upright blade, back, boat, rudder, movable flap, aeroplane · Speech: someone speaks here
«rudder» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rudder in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A rudder is a flat, upright blade at the back of a boat or ship that is turned to steer it left or right.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod case det nmod case det nmod cc conj nsubj aux:pass acl:relcl mark xcomp obj xcomp cc conj punct root A DET rudder NOUN is AUX a DET flat ADJ , PUNCT upright ADJ blade NOUN at ADP the DET back NOUN of ADP a DET boat NOUN or CCONJ ship NOUN that PRON is AUX turned VERB to PART steer VERB it PRON left ADJ or CCONJ right ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 rudder det 2 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 8 blade nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 blade cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 blade det 5 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 8 blade amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 flat punct 7 upright upright ADJ Degree=Pos 8 blade amod 8 blade blade NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 at at ADP _ 11 back case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 back det 11 back back NOUN Number=Sing 8 blade nmod 12 of of ADP _ 14 boat case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 boat det 14 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 11 back nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 ship cc 16 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 14 boat conj 17 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 turned nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 turned aux:pass 19 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 boat acl:relcl 20 to to PART _ 21 steer mark 21 steer steer VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 turned xcomp 22 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 steer obj 23 left left ADJ Degree=Pos 21 steer xcomp 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 right cc 25 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 23 left conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 8 blade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a rudder a flat upright blade the back of a boat or ship tree rules 2 turn present · passive a boat or ship tree rules 3 steer to-infinitive rudder left property vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 On an aeroplane, the rudder is a movable flap on the upright part of the tail that helps turn the nose left or right.
The tree, 24 words case det obl punct det nsubj cop det amod case det amod nmod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl xcomp det obj acl cc conj punct root On ADP an DET aeroplane NOUN , PUNCT the DET rudder NOUN is AUX a DET movable ADJ flap NOUN on ADP the DET upright ADJ part NOUN of ADP the DET tail NOUN that PRON helps VERB turn VERB the DET nose NOUN left VERB or CCONJ right ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 3 aeroplane case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 aeroplane det 3 aeroplane aeroplane NOUN Number=Sing 10 flap obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 aeroplane punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rudder det 6 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 10 flap nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 flap cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 flap det 9 movable movable ADJ Degree=Pos 10 flap amod 10 flap flap NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 on on ADP _ 14 part case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 part det 13 upright upright ADJ Degree=Pos 14 part amod 14 part part NOUN Number=Sing 10 flap nmod 15 of of ADP _ 17 tail case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 tail det 17 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 14 part nmod 18 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 helps nsubj 19 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 part acl:relcl 20 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 helps xcomp 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 nose det 22 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 20 turn obj 23 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 22 nose acl 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 right cc 25 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 23 left conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 10 flap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the rudder a movable flap a aeroplane on the upright part of the tail tree rules 2 help present the upright part of the tail vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 turn infinitive the upright part of the tail not said here the nose vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent nose=Theme 4 leave participle the nose not said here vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.
Something that guides or keeps a person or plan on course is sometimes called a rudder.
The tree, 16 words nsubj:pass nsubj acl:relcl cc conj det obj cc conj case nmod aux:pass advmod det xcomp punct root Something PRON that PRON guides VERB or CCONJ keeps VERB a DET person NOUN or CCONJ plan NOUN on ADP course NOUN is AUX sometimes ADV called VERB a DET rudder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 called nsubj:pass 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 3 guides nsubj 3 guides guide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Something acl:relcl 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 keeps cc 5 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 guides conj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 person det 7 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 keeps obj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 plan cc 9 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 7 person conj 10 on on ADP _ 11 course case 11 course course NOUN Number=Sing 9 plan nmod 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 called aux:pass 13 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 14 called advmod 14 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 rudder det 16 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 14 called xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 14 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 guide present vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 keep present a person or plan on course vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme 3 call present · passive Something sometimes property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 1 The sailor pushed the rudder to turn the boat towards the harbour.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj case det obl punct root The DET sailor NOUN pushed VERB the DET rudder NOUN to PART turn VERB the DET boat NOUN towards ADP the DET harbour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sailor det 2 sailor sailor NOUN Number=Sing 3 pushed nsubj 3 pushed push VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rudder det 5 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 3 pushed obj 6 to to PART _ 7 turn mark 7 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 pushed advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 boat det 9 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 7 turn obj 10 towards towards ADP _ 12 harbour case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 harbour det 12 harbour harbour NOUN Number=Sing 7 turn obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 pushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 push past the sailor the rudder vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rudder=Theme 2 turn to-infinitive the sailor not said here the boat the harbour vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent boat=Theme towards harbour=Trajectory
Example 2 A storm snapped the rudder, so the little ship drifted helplessly.
det nsubj det obj punct advmod det amod nsubj:pass conj advmod punct root A DET storm NOUN snapped VERB the DET rudder NOUN , PUNCT so ADV the DET little ADJ ship NOUN drifted VERB helplessly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 storm det 2 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 3 snapped nsubj 3 snapped snap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rudder det 5 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 3 snapped obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 drifted punct 7 so so ADV _ 11 drifted advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 ship det 9 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ship amod 10 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 11 drifted nsubj:pass 11 drifted drift VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 snapped conj 12 helplessly helplessly ADV _ 11 drifted advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 snapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 snap past a storm the rudder vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rudder=Theme 2 drift participle · passive the little ship helplessly property vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 3 In our design challenge, we added a cardboard rudder to the paper boat.
The tree, 13 words case nmod:poss compound obl punct nsubj det compound obj case det compound obl punct root In ADP our PRON design NOUN challenge NOUN , PUNCT we PRON added VERB a DET cardboard NOUN rudder NOUN to ADP the DET paper NOUN boat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 challenge case 2 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 challenge nmod:poss 3 design design NOUN Number=Sing 4 challenge compound 4 challenge challenge NOUN Number=Sing 7 added obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 challenge punct 6 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 added nsubj 7 added add VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 rudder det 9 cardboard cardboard NOUN Number=Sing 10 rudder compound 10 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 7 added obj 11 to to ADP _ 14 boat case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 boat det 13 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 14 boat compound 14 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 7 added obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 added punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert past we a cardboard rudder our design challenge to the paper boat vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent rudder=Patient to boat=Co-Patient 2 challenge our nom challenge «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 The pilot used the pedals to move the plane's rudder.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det nmod:poss case obj punct root The DET pilot NOUN used VERB the DET pedals NOUN to PART move VERB the DET plane NOUN 's PART rudder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pilot det 2 pilot pilot NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pedals det 5 pedals pedal NOUN Number=Plur 3 used obj 6 to to PART _ 7 move mark 7 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 plane det 9 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 11 rudder nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 plane case 11 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 7 move obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the pilot the pedals vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pedal=Patient 2 move to-infinitive the pilot not said here the plane's rudder vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent rudder=Theme
Example 5 Fish use their tails a bit like a rudder.
nsubj nmod:poss obj det obl:unmarked case det nmod punct root Fish NOUN use VERB their PRON tails NOUN a DET bit NOUN like ADP a DET rudder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fish fish NOUN Number=Plur 2 use nsubj 2 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 tails nmod:poss 4 tails tail NOUN Number=Plur 2 use obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bit det 6 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 2 use obl:unmarked 7 like like ADP _ 9 rudder case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 rudder det 9 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 6 bit nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Fish Fish's tails a bit like a rudder obl:unmarked vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
Example 6 After his gran died, he felt like a boat without a rudder.
mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl punct nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root After SCONJ his PRON gran NOUN died VERB , PUNCT he PRON felt VERB like ADP a DET boat NOUN without ADP a DET rudder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after SCONJ _ 4 died mark 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 gran nmod:poss 3 gran gran NOUN Number=Sing 4 died nsubj 4 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 felt advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 died punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 felt nsubj 7 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 like like ADP _ 10 boat case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 boat det 10 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 7 felt obl 11 without without ADP _ 13 rudder case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 rudder det 13 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 7 felt obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 die past his gran vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 feel past gran like a boat; without a rudder vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like boat=Theme
Example 7 We tested whether a bigger rudder made the toy boat turn faster.
nsubj mark det amod nsubj ccomp det compound obj conj advmod punct root We PRON tested VERB whether SCONJ a DET bigger ADJ rudder NOUN made VERB the DET toy NOUN boat NOUN turn VERB faster ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 tested nsubj 2 tested test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 whether whether SCONJ _ 7 made mark 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rudder det 5 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 rudder amod 6 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 7 made nsubj 7 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 tested ccomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 boat det 9 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 10 boat compound 10 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 7 made obj 11 turn turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 made conj 12 faster fast ADV Degree=Cmp 11 turn advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test past We tree rules 2 make past a bigger rudder the toy boat vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset boat=Product 3 turn present a bigger rudder not said here fast property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 She gave herself up to her grief, and it tossed her to and fro, as the sea tosses a ship without compass or rudder.
The tree, 24 words nsubj iobj compound:prt case nmod:poss obl punct cc nsubj parataxis obj case cc obl punct mark det nsubj conj det obj case obl cc conj punct root She PRON gave VERB herself PRON up ADP to ADP her PRON grief NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ it PRON tossed VERB her PRON to ADP and CCONJ fro ADV , PUNCT as SCONJ the DET sea NOUN tosses VERB a DET ship NOUN without ADP compass NOUN or CCONJ rudder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 gave iobj 4 up up ADP _ 2 gave compound:prt 5 to to ADP _ 7 grief case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 grief nmod:poss 7 grief grief NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 tossed punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 tossed cc 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 tossed nsubj 11 tossed toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 gave parataxis 12 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 tossed obj 13 to to ADP _ 15 fro case 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 fro cc 15 fro fro ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 11 tossed obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 tosses punct 17 as as SCONJ _ 20 tosses mark 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 sea det 19 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 20 tosses nsubj 20 tosses toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 tossed conj 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 ship det 22 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 20 tosses obj 23 without without ADP _ 24 compass case 24 compass compass NOUN Number=Sing 20 tosses obl 25 or or CCONJ _ 26 rudder cc 26 rudder rudder NOUN Number=Sing 24 compass conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give up past She herself = she to her grief vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent herself=Theme to grief=Recipient 2 toss past grief her = she vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Patient to fro=Recipient 3 toss present the sea a ship without compass or rudder vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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