rut Who acts: habit, male deer, season, tractor, bike wheel, Dad · What happens: make, be, change, fight, look, leave · To what, where: deep line, deep ruts, muddy field, 's, something, rut
«rut» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rut in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A deep line in soft ground made by wheels.
det amod case amod nmod acl case obl punct root A DET deep ADJ line NOUN in ADP soft ADJ ground NOUN made VERB by ADP wheels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 line det 2 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 3 line amod 3 line line NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 ground case 5 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 6 ground amod 6 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 3 line nmod 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 line acl 8 by by ADP _ 9 wheels case 9 wheels wheel NOUN Number=Plur 7 made obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 line punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle a deep line in soft ground not said here by wheels vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: idiom — kept apart, not parsed.
A boring way of life or habit that is hard to change.
det amod case nmod cc conj nsubj cop acl:relcl mark xcomp punct root A DET boring ADJ way NOUN of ADP life NOUN or CCONJ habit NOUN that PRON is AUX hard ADJ to PART change VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 way det 2 boring boring ADJ Degree=Pos 3 way amod 3 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 life case 5 life life NOUN Number=Sing 3 way nmod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 habit cc 7 habit habit NOUN Number=Sing 3 way conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 hard nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 hard cop 10 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 habit acl:relcl 11 to to PART _ 12 change mark 12 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 hard xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present habit hard property tree rules 2 change to-infinitive habit not said here vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"stuck in a rut".
punct case det obl punct punct root " PUNCT stuck ADJ in ADP a DET rut NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 stuck punct 2 stuck stuck ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 rut case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 rut det 5 rut rut NOUN Number=Sing 2 stuck obl 6 " " PUNCT _ 2 stuck punct 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 stuck punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: animals — kept apart, not parsed.
The season when male deer and some other animals fight and look for mates; (verb) to be in this season.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj advmod amod nsubj cc det amod conj acl:relcl cc conj case obl punct punct appos punct mark cop case det punct root The DET season NOUN when ADV male ADJ deer NOUN and CCONJ some DET other ADJ animals NOUN fight VERB and CCONJ look VERB for ADP mates NOUN ; PUNCT ( PUNCT verb NOUN ) PUNCT to PART be AUX in ADP this DET season NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 season det 2 season season NOUN Number=Sing 23 season nsubj 3 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 fight advmod 4 male male ADJ Degree=Pos 5 deer amod 5 deer deer NOUN Number=Plur 10 fight nsubj 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 animals cc 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 9 animals det 8 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 9 animals amod 9 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 deer conj 10 fight fight VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 season acl:relcl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 look cc 12 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 fight conj 13 for for ADP _ 14 mates case 14 mates mate NOUN Number=Plur 12 look obl 15 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 verb punct 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 17 verb punct 17 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 2 season appos 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 17 verb punct 19 to to PART _ 23 season mark 20 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 23 season cop 21 in in ADP _ 23 season case 22 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 23 season det 23 season season NOUN Number=Sing root root 24 . . PUNCT _ 23 season punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fight present male deer and some other animals vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 look present male deer and some other animals not said here for mates vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for mate=Theme 3 is to-infinitive the season in this season tree rules
Example 1 The tractor left deep ruts in the muddy field.
det nsubj amod obj case det amod obl punct root The DET tractor NOUN left VERB deep ADJ ruts NOUN in ADP the DET muddy ADJ field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tractor det 2 tractor tractor NOUN Number=Sing 3 left nsubj 3 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 5 ruts amod 5 ruts rut NOUN Number=Plur 3 left obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 field case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 field det 8 muddy muddy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 field amod 9 field field NOUN Number=Sing 3 left obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past the tractor deep ruts the muddy field vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rut=Theme in field=Location
Example 2 My bike wheel got stuck in a rut.
nmod:poss compound nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root My PRON bike NOUN wheel NOUN got VERB stuck ADJ in ADP a DET rut NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 wheel nmod:poss 2 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 3 wheel compound 3 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 4 got nsubj 4 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 stuck stuck ADJ Degree=Pos 4 got xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 8 rut case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 rut det 8 rut rut NOUN Number=Sing 5 stuck obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past My bike wheel stuck property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 Dad felt stuck in a rut, so he took up drumming.
nsubj xcomp case det obl punct advmod nsubj conj compound:prt xcomp punct root Dad NOUN felt VERB stuck ADJ in ADP a DET rut NOUN , PUNCT so ADV he PRON took VERB up ADP drumming VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 stuck stuck ADJ Degree=Pos 2 felt xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 6 rut case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rut det 6 rut rut NOUN Number=Sing 3 stuck obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 took punct 8 so so ADV _ 10 took advmod 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 took nsubj 10 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 felt conj 11 up up ADP _ 10 took compound:prt 12 drumming drum VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 took xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past Dad stuck property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 take up past Dad vn require-103 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition 3 drum gerund Dad not said here vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Let's try something new to get out of this rut.
obj xcomp obj amod mark advcl case case det obl punct root Let VERB 's PRON try VERB something PRON new ADJ to PART get VERB out ADP of ADP this DET rut NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Let obj 3 try try VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Let xcomp 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 try obj 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 4 something amod 6 to to PART _ 7 get mark 7 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 new advcl 8 out out ADP _ 11 rut case 9 of of ADP _ 11 rut case 10 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 rut det 11 rut rut NOUN Number=Sing 7 get obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here 's tree rules 2 try infinitive 's not said here something vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 get out to-infinitive 's not said here this rut tree rules
Example 5 In the autumn rut, stags roar and lock antlers.
case det compound obl punct nsubj cc conj obj punct root In ADP the DET autumn NOUN rut NOUN , PUNCT stags NOUN roar VERB and CCONJ lock VERB antlers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 rut case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 rut det 3 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 4 rut compound 4 rut rut NOUN Number=Sing 7 roar obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 rut punct 6 stags stag NOUN Number=Plur 7 roar nsubj 7 roar roar VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 lock cc 9 lock lock VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 roar conj 10 antlers antler NOUN Number=Plur 9 lock obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 roar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 roar present stags the autumn rut vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rut=Location 2 lock present stags not said here antlers vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Patient
Example 6 The path was full of ruts and puddles.
det nsubj cop case obl cc conj punct root The DET path NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP ruts NOUN and CCONJ puddles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 path det 2 path path NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 ruts case 6 ruts rut NOUN Number=Plur 4 full obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 puddles cc 8 puddles puddle NOUN Number=Plur 6 ruts conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the path of ruts and puddles; full property tree rules
Example 7 A CARTER was driving a wagon along a country lane, when the wheels sank down deep into a rut.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj aux det obj case det compound obl punct advmod det nsubj parataxis advmod advmod case det obl punct root A DET CARTER PROPN was AUX driving VERB a DET wagon NOUN along ADP a DET country NOUN lane NOUN , PUNCT when ADV the DET wheels NOUN sank VERB down ADV deep ADV into ADP a DET rut NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 CARTER det 2 CARTER CARTER PROPN Number=Sing 4 driving nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 driving aux 4 driving drive VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 wagon det 6 wagon wagon NOUN Number=Sing 4 driving obj 7 along along ADP _ 10 lane case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 lane det 9 country country NOUN Number=Sing 10 lane compound 10 lane lane NOUN Number=Sing 4 driving obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 sank punct 12 when when ADV PronType=Int 15 sank advmod 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 wheels det 14 wheels wheel NOUN Number=Plur 15 sank nsubj 15 sank sink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 driving parataxis 16 down down ADV _ 15 sank advmod 17 deep deep ADV _ 20 rut advmod 18 into into ADP _ 20 rut case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 rut det 20 rut rut NOUN Number=Sing 15 sank obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 4 driving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive past · progressive a CARTER a wagon a country lane vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wagon=Theme along lane=Trajectory 2 sink down past the wheels a rut down property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous rustynext → ruth↑ back to R in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/rut/