said Who acts: Said, Mom, Tom, teacher, child, She · What happens: be, say, mean, name, have, get · To what, where: past form, one, old writing, 12 marbles, 2 pencils, 30 pages · Speech: someone speaks here
«said» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: said in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Said is the past form of say: «Mom said yes.».
The tree, 10 words nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct punct nsubj parataxis obj punct punct punct root Said PROPN is AUX the DET past ADJ form NOUN of ADP say NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Mom NOUN said VERB yes INTJ . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Said Said PROPN Number=Sing 5 form nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 form cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 form det 4 past past ADJ Degree=Pos 5 form amod 5 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 say case 7 say say NOUN Number=Sing 5 form nmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 said punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 11 said punct 10 Mom mom NOUN Number=Sing 11 said nsubj 11 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 form parataxis 12 yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 11 said obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 11 said punct 14 » » PUNCT _ 11 said punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Said the past form of say tree rules 2 say speech: assert in a quote past Mom vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yes=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In old or formal writing, «said» means the one already named: «the said house».
The tree, 14 words case amod cc conj obl punct punct parataxis punct det obj advmod acl punct punct det amod parataxis punct punct root In ADP old ADJ or CCONJ formal ADJ writing NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT said VERB » PUNCT means VERB the DET one NOUN already ADV named VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET said VERB house NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 5 writing case 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 writing amod 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 formal cc 4 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 old conj 5 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 10 means obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 writing punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 said punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 means parataxis 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 said punct 10 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 one det 12 one one NOUN Number=Sing 10 means obj 13 already already ADV _ 14 named advmod 14 named name VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 one acl 15 : : PUNCT _ 19 house punct 16 « « PUNCT _ 19 house punct 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 house det 18 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 19 house amod 19 house house NOUN Number=Sing 10 means parataxis 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 house punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 10 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert in a quote past vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 mean present the one old writing tree rules 3 name participle the one not said here vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 say speech: assert in a quote participle vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Tom said he had 12 marbles.
nsubj nsubj ccomp nummod obj punct root Tom PROPN said VERB he PRON had VERB 12 NUM marbles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 said ccomp 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 marbles nummod 6 marbles marble NOUN Number=Plur 4 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Tom vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have past Tom 12 marbles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marble=Patient
Example 2 The teacher said each child gets 2 pencils.
det nsubj det nsubj ccomp nummod obj punct root The DET teacher NOUN said VERB each DET child NOUN gets VERB 2 NUM pencils NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 each each DET PronType=Tot 5 child det 5 child child NOUN Number=Sing 6 gets nsubj 6 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 said ccomp 7 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 pencils nummod 8 pencils pencil NOUN Number=Plur 6 gets obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the teacher vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 get present each child 2 pencils vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pencil=Stimulus
Example 3 She said she would read 30 pages.
nsubj nsubj aux ccomp nummod obj punct root She PRON said VERB she PRON would AUX read VERB 30 NUM pages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 read nsubj 4 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 read aux 5 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 said ccomp 6 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 pages nummod 7 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 5 read obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past She vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 read would she 30 pages vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Topic
Example 4 How many pages did she say she would read?
advmod amod nsubj aux nsubj nsubj aux ccomp punct root How ADV many ADJ pages NOUN did AUX she PRON say VERB she PRON would AUX read VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pages amod 3 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 6 say nsubj 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 say aux 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 say nsubj 6 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 read nsubj 8 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 read aux 9 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 say ccomp 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past · do-support many pages vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 read would she vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 «Come in!» said the old man.
punct ccomp advmod punct punct det amod nsubj punct root « PUNCT Come VERB in ADV ! PUNCT » PUNCT said VERB the DET old ADJ man NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Come punct 2 Come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 said ccomp 3 in in ADV _ 2 Come advmod 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Come punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 2 Come punct 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 man det 8 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 9 man amod 9 man man NOUN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in in a quote infinitive vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 say speech: express past the old man vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 6 Mum said we can go to the park later.
nsubj nsubj aux ccomp case det obl advmod punct root Mum NOUN said VERB we PRON can AUX go VERB to ADP the DET park NOUN later ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 go nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 go aux 5 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 said ccomp 6 to to ADP _ 8 park case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 park det 8 park park NOUN Number=Sing 5 go obl 9 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 5 go advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Mum vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 go can we the park late property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to park=Initial_Location
Example 7 She said sorry for being late.
nsubj xcomp mark cop ccomp punct root She PRON said VERB sorry ADJ for SCONJ being AUX late ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sorry sorry ADJ Degree=Pos 2 said xcomp 4 for for SCONJ _ 6 late mark 5 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 late cop 6 late late ADJ Degree=Pos 2 said ccomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past She sorry property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is gerund late property tree rules
Example 8 That's easier said than done.
nsubj cop advcl mark advcl punct root That PRON 's AUX easier ADJ said VERB than SCONJ done VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 easier nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 easier cop 3 easier easy ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 easier advcl 5 than than SCONJ _ 6 done mark 6 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 easier advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 easier punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present That easy property tree rules 2 say speech: assert past That not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 do participle That not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 He said that the bus was late.
nsubj mark det nsubj cop ccomp punct root He PRON said VERB that SCONJ the DET bus NOUN was AUX late ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 7 late mark 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bus det 5 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 7 late nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 late cop 7 late late ADJ Degree=Pos 2 said ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past He vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past the bus late property tree rules
Example 10 "Good morning, Little Red-Cap," he said.
punct amod ccomp punct appos flat punct conj punct punct nsubj punct root " PUNCT Good ADJ morning NOUN , PUNCT Little ADJ Red PROPN - PUNCT Cap PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT he PRON said VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 morning punct 2 Good good ADJ Degree=Pos 3 morning amod 3 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 12 said ccomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Little punct 5 Little Little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 morning appos 6 Red Red PROPN Number=Sing 5 Little flat 7 - - PUNCT _ 8 Cap punct 8 Cap Cap PROPN Number=Sing 5 Little conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 3 morning punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 3 morning punct 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 said nsubj 12 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 13 . . PUNCT _ 12 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Cap vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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