scraping Who acts: Scraping, this, Scrapings, small bits, you, Dad · What happens: mean, pull, remove, scrape, be, make · To what, where: something, surface, mud, boots, rough harsh sound, skin · Speech: someone speaks here
«scraping» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: scraping in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Scraping means pulling something hard or sharp across a surface, often to remove something: scraping mud off your boots.
The tree, 19 words nsubj xcomp obj amod cc conj case det obl punct advmod mark conj obj punct advcl obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Scraping NOUN means VERB pulling VERB something PRON hard ADJ or CCONJ sharp ADJ across ADP a DET surface NOUN , PUNCT often ADV to PART remove VERB something PRON : PUNCT scraping VERB mud NOUN off ADP your PRON boots NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scraping scraping NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 pulling pull VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 pulling obj 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 4 something amod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 sharp cc 7 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 5 hard conj 8 across across ADP _ 10 surface case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 surface det 10 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 3 pulling obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 remove punct 12 often often ADV _ 14 remove advmod 13 to to PART _ 14 remove mark 14 remove remove VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means conj 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 remove obj 16 : : PUNCT _ 17 scraping punct 17 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 remove advcl 18 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 17 scraping obj 19 off off ADP _ 21 boots case 20 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 boots nmod:poss 21 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 17 scraping obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Scraping vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 pull not said to happen gerund Scraping not said here something a surface vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 3 remove to-infinitive Scraping not said here something often property vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 4 scrape gerund Scraping not said here mud your boots vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent mud=Theme off boot=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Scraping is also the rough, harsh sound this makes.
nsubj cop advmod det amod punct amod nsubj acl:relcl punct root Scraping NOUN is AUX also ADV the DET rough ADJ , PUNCT harsh ADJ sound NOUN this PRON makes VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scraping scraping NOUN Number=Sing 8 sound nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 sound cop 3 also also ADV _ 8 sound advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sound det 5 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sound amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 rough punct 7 harsh harsh ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sound amod 8 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 makes nsubj 10 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 sound acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Scraping the rough harsh sound tree rules 2 make present this the rough harsh sound not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
Meaning 3 Scraping means hurting your skin by rubbing it on something rough: scraping your knee.
The tree, 14 words nsubj xcomp nmod:poss obj mark advcl obj case obl amod punct conj nmod:poss obj punct root Scraping NOUN means VERB hurting VERB your PRON skin NOUN by SCONJ rubbing VERB it PRON on ADP something PRON rough ADJ : PUNCT scraping VERB your PRON knee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scraping scraping NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hurting hurt VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 skin nmod:poss 5 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 3 hurting obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 rubbing mark 7 rubbing rub VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 hurting advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 rubbing obj 9 on on ADP _ 10 something case 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 rubbing obl 11 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 12 : : PUNCT _ 13 scraping punct 13 scraping scrape VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 means conj 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 knee nmod:poss 15 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 13 scraping obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Scraping vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 hurt not said to happen gerund Scraping not said here your skin vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer skin=Patient 3 rub gerund Scraping not said here skin something vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on something=Destination 4 scrape gerund Scraping not said here your knee vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knee=Patient
Meaning 4 Scrapings are the small bits that come off when you scrape something.
nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt advmod nsubj advcl obj punct root Scrapings NOUN are AUX the DET small ADJ bits NOUN that PRON come VERB off ADP when ADV you PRON scrape VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scrapings scraping NOUN Number=Plur 5 bits nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bits cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bits det 4 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bits amod 5 bits bit NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 come nsubj 7 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bits acl:relcl 8 off off ADP _ 7 come compound:prt 9 when when ADV PronType=Int 11 scrape advmod 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 scrape nsubj 11 scrape scrape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 come advcl 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 scrape obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 bits punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Scrapings the small bits tree rules 2 come off present the small bits vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme 3 scrape present you something vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
Meaning 5 Scraping (by, through) means only just managing: scraping through a test, scraping by on little money.
The tree, 16 words csubj punct case punct obl punct advmod advmod ccomp punct advcl case det obl punct conj case case amod obl punct root Scraping VERB ( PUNCT by ADP , PUNCT through ADP ) PUNCT means VERB only ADV just ADV managing VERB : PUNCT scraping VERB through ADP a DET test NOUN , PUNCT scraping VERB by ADP on ADP little ADJ money NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 means csubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 through punct 3 by by ADP _ 5 through case 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 by punct 5 through through ADP _ 1 Scraping obl 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 through punct 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 only only ADV _ 10 managing advmod 9 just just ADV _ 10 managing advmod 10 managing manage VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 means ccomp 11 : : PUNCT _ 12 scraping punct 12 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 managing advcl 13 through through ADP _ 15 test case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 test det 15 test test NOUN Number=Sing 12 scraping obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 scraping punct 17 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 managing conj 18 by by ADP _ 21 money case 19 on on ADP _ 21 money case 20 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 21 money amod 21 money money NOUN Number=Sing 17 scraping obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scrape gerund vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient 2 mean present Scraping vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 manage gerund vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 scrape gerund through a test vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent through test=Patient 5 scrape gerund by little money vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 1 Dad is scraping the ice off the windscreen.
nsubj aux det obj case det obl punct root Dad NOUN is AUX scraping VERB the DET ice NOUN off ADP the DET windscreen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 3 scraping nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 scraping aux 3 scraping scrape VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ice det 5 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 scraping obj 6 off off ADP _ 8 windscreen case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 windscreen det 8 windscreen windscreen NOUN Number=Sing 3 scraping obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 scraping punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scrape present · progressive Dad the ice the windscreen vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent ice=Theme off windscreen=Trajectory
Example 2 I heard a scraping sound under the floorboards.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root I PRON heard VERB a DET scraping VERB sound NOUN under ADP the DET floorboards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sound det 4 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 sound amod 5 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 6 under under ADP _ 8 floorboards case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 floorboards det 8 floorboards floorboard NOUN Number=Plur 2 heard obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past I a scraping sound the floorboards vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus 2 scrape gerund vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 3 She fell off her scooter, scraping both knees.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct advcl det obj punct root She PRON fell VERB off ADP her PRON scooter NOUN , PUNCT scraping VERB both DET knees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 fell nsubj 2 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 off off ADP _ 5 scooter case 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 scooter nmod:poss 5 scooter scooter NOUN Number=Sing 2 fell obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 scraping punct 7 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 fell advcl 8 both both DET PronType=Tot 9 knees det 9 knees knee NOUN Number=Plur 7 scraping obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall off past She her scooter vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient scooter=Extent 2 scrape gerund She not said here both knees vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knee=Patient
Example 4 We are scraping the last bits of cake mix from the bowl.
nsubj aux det amod obj case compound nmod case det nmod punct root We PRON are AUX scraping VERB the DET last ADJ bits NOUN of ADP cake NOUN mix NOUN from ADP the DET bowl NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 scraping nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 scraping aux 3 scraping scrape VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bits det 5 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bits amod 6 bits bit NOUN Number=Plur 3 scraping obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 mix case 8 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 9 mix compound 9 mix mix NOUN Number=Sing 6 bits nmod 10 from from ADP _ 12 bowl case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 bowl det 12 bowl bowl NOUN Number=Sing 9 mix nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 scraping punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scrape present · progressive We the last bits of cake mix from the bowl vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Patient
Example 5 The scientist looked at the scrapings under a microscope.
det nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET scientist NOUN looked VERB at ADP the DET scrapings NOUN under ADP a DET microscope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 scientist det 2 scientist scientist NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked nsubj 3 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 scrapings case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 scrapings det 6 scrapings scraping NOUN Number=Plur 3 looked obl 7 under under ADP _ 9 microscope case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 microscope det 9 microscope microscope NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the scientist under a microscope; at the scrapings vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at scraping=Theme
Example 6 He is only just scraping through in maths this term.
nsubj aux advmod advmod case case obl det obl:unmarked punct root He PRON is AUX only ADV just ADV scraping VERB through ADP in ADP maths NOUN this DET term NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 scraping nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 scraping aux 3 only only ADV _ 5 scraping advmod 4 just just ADV _ 5 scraping advmod 5 scraping scrape VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 through through ADP _ 8 maths case 7 in in ADP _ 8 maths case 8 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 5 scraping obl 9 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 term det 10 term term NOUN Number=Sing 5 scraping obl:unmarked 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 scraping punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scrape present · progressive He this term through maths vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent through math=Patient
Example 7 Stop scraping your chair on the floor!
xcomp nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Stop VERB scraping VERB your PRON chair NOUN on ADP the DET floor NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 chair nmod:poss 4 chair chair NOUN Number=Sing 2 scraping obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 floor case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 floor det 7 floor floor NOUN Number=Sing 2 scraping obl 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 scrape gerund you not said here your chair the floor vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent chair=Theme on floor=Trajectory
Example 8 The family is scraping by on one small wage.
det nsubj aux case case nummod amod obl punct root The DET family NOUN is AUX scraping VERB by ADP on ADP one NUM small ADJ wage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing 4 scraping nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 scraping aux 4 scraping scrape VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 by by ADP _ 9 wage case 6 on on ADP _ 9 wage case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 wage nummod 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 wage amod 9 wage wage NOUN Number=Sing 4 scraping obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 scraping punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scrape present · progressive the family by one small wage vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 9 The folk were just sitting down to their soup, and the goodwife scraping the pot.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj aux advmod advmod case nmod:poss obl punct cc det conj acl det obj punct root The DET folk NOUN were AUX just ADV sitting VERB down ADV to ADP their PRON soup NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET goodwife NOUN scraping VERB the DET pot NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 folk det 2 folk folk NOUN Number=Sing 5 sitting nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 sitting aux 4 just just ADV _ 5 sitting advmod 5 sitting sit VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 down down ADV _ 5 sitting advmod 7 to to ADP _ 9 soup case 8 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 soup nmod:poss 9 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 5 sitting obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 goodwife punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 goodwife cc 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 goodwife det 13 goodwife goodwife NOUN Number=Sing 5 sitting conj 14 scraping scrape VERB VerbForm=Ger 13 goodwife acl 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 pot det 16 pot pot NOUN Number=Sing 14 scraping obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 sitting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit down past · progressive the folk to their soup; down property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 scrape gerund the goodwife not said here the pot vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pot=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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