serving Who acts: serving, sports serving, cake recipe, One serving, waiter, 5 servings · What happens: be, serve, mean, give, work, describe · To what, where: amount, food, people, someone, serving soldier, ball
«serving» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: serving in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A serving is an amount of food for one person; a portion.
det nsubj cop det case nmod case nummod nmod punct det conj punct root A DET serving NOUN is AUX an DET amount NOUN of ADP food NOUN for ADP one NUM person NOUN ; PUNCT a DET portion NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 serving det 2 serving serving NOUN Number=Sing 5 amount nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 amount cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 amount det 5 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 food case 7 food food NOUN Number=Sing 5 amount nmod 8 for for ADP _ 10 person case 9 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 person nummod 10 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 amount nmod 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 portion punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 portion det 13 portion portion NOUN Number=Sing 5 amount conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 amount punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a serving a amount and a portion of food; for one person tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Serving means giving food or drink to people, or working for someone.
nsubj xcomp obj cc conj case obl punct cc conj case obl punct root Serving VERB means VERB giving VERB food NOUN or CCONJ drink NOUN to ADP people NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ working VERB for ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Serving serve VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 giving give VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 giving obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 drink cc 6 drink drink NOUN Number=Sing 4 food conj 7 to to ADP _ 8 people case 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 giving obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 working punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 working cc 11 working work VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 giving conj 12 for for ADP _ 13 someone case 13 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 working obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 serve gerund vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 give not said to happen gerund food or drink people vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent food=Theme to people=Recipient 4 work gerund for someone vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for someone=Beneficiary
Meaning 3 Serving can describe someone who is working now in an army, team or job, as in «a serving soldier».
The tree, 19 words nsubj aux obj nsubj aux acl:relcl advmod case det obl punct conj cc conj punct mark case punct det amod obl punct punct root Serving VERB can AUX describe VERB someone PRON who PRON is AUX working VERB now ADV in ADP an DET army NOUN , PUNCT team NOUN or CCONJ job NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT a DET serving VERB soldier NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Serving serve VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 describe nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 describe aux 3 describe describe VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 describe obj 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 working nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 working aux 7 working work VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 someone acl:relcl 8 now now ADV PronType=Dem 7 working advmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 army case 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 army det 11 army army NOUN Number=Sing 7 working obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 team punct 13 team team NOUN Number=Sing 11 army conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 job cc 15 job job NOUN Number=Sing 11 army conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 22 soldier punct 17 as as SCONJ _ 22 soldier mark 18 in in ADP _ 22 soldier case 19 « « PUNCT _ 22 soldier punct 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 soldier det 21 serving serve VERB VerbForm=Ger 22 soldier amod 22 soldier soldier NOUN Number=Sing 3 describe obl 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 soldier punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 describe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 serve gerund vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent 2 describe can someone a serving soldier vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent someone=Theme 3 work present · progressive now in a army and team or job vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in army=Theme 4 serve in a quote gerund vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 In sports like tennis, serving is hitting the ball to start a point.
The tree, 13 words case compound case nmod punct nsubj aux det obj mark advcl det obj punct root In ADP sports NOUN like ADP tennis NOUN , PUNCT serving NOUN is AUX hitting VERB the DET ball NOUN to PART start VERB a DET point NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 sports case 2 sports sport NOUN Number=Plur 6 serving compound 3 like like ADP _ 4 tennis case 4 tennis tennis NOUN Number=Sing 2 sports nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 sports punct 6 serving serving NOUN Number=Sing 8 hitting nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 hitting aux 8 hitting hit VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 ball det 10 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 8 hitting obj 11 to to PART _ 12 start mark 12 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 hitting advcl 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 point det 14 point point NOUN Number=Sing 12 start obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 hitting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit present · progressive sports serving the ball vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ball=Co-Theme 2 start to-infinitive sports serving not said here a point vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Eventuality
Example 1 This cake recipe makes 8 servings.
det compound nsubj nummod obj punct root This DET cake NOUN recipe NOUN makes VERB 8 NUM servings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 recipe det 2 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 3 recipe compound 3 recipe recipe NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes nsubj 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 servings nummod 6 servings serving NOUN Number=Plur 4 makes obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present this cake recipe 8 servings vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset serving=Product
Example 2 One serving of cereal is 30 g.
nummod nsubj case nmod cop nummod root One NUM serving NOUN of ADP cereal NOUN is AUX 30 NUM g. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 serving nummod 2 serving serving NOUN Number=Sing 7 g. nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 cereal case 4 cereal cereal NOUN Number=Sing 2 serving nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 g. cop 6 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 g. nummod 7 g. g. NOUN Number=Sing root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present One serving of cereal 30 g. tree rules
Example 3 The waiter is serving the next table.
det nsubj aux det amod obj punct root The DET waiter NOUN is AUX serving VERB the DET next ADJ table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 waiter det 2 waiter waiter NOUN Number=Sing 4 serving nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 serving aux 4 serving serve VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 table det 6 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 7 table amod 7 table table NOUN Number=Sing 4 serving obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 serving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 serve present · progressive the waiter the next table vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Attribute
Example 4 If one serving needs 2 eggs, 5 servings need 10 eggs.
mark nummod nsubj advcl nummod obj punct nummod nsubj nummod obj punct root If SCONJ one NUM serving NOUN needs VERB 2 NUM eggs NOUN , PUNCT 5 NUM servings NOUN need VERB 10 NUM eggs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 needs mark 2 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 serving nummod 3 serving serving NOUN Number=Sing 4 needs nsubj 4 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 need advcl 5 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 eggs nummod 6 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 4 needs obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 4 needs punct 8 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 servings nummod 9 servings serving NOUN Number=Plur 10 need nsubj 10 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 eggs nummod 12 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 10 need obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need a condition, not said to happen present one serving 2 eggs vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot egg=Theme 2 need present 5 servings 10 eggs vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot egg=Theme
Example 5 She is serving for the match in tennis.
nsubj aux case det obl case nmod punct root She PRON is AUX serving VERB for ADP the DET match NOUN in ADP tennis NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 serving nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 serving aux 3 serving serve VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 match case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 match det 6 match match NOUN Number=Sing 3 serving obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 tennis case 8 tennis tennis NOUN Number=Sing 6 match nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 serving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 serve present · progressive She for the match in tennis vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for match=Recipient
Example 6 Grandpa was a serving soldier for many years.
nsubj cop det amod case amod nmod punct root Grandpa PROPN was AUX a DET serving VERB soldier NOUN for ADP many ADJ years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 5 soldier nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 soldier cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 soldier det 4 serving serve VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 soldier amod 5 soldier soldier NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 years case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 years amod 8 years year NOUN Number=Plur 5 soldier nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 soldier punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 serve gerund vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent 2 is a past Grandpa a serving soldier year tree rules
Example 7 Pass me the serving spoon, please.
obj det compound obj punct discourse punct root Pass VERB me PRON the DET serving NOUN spoon NOUN , PUNCT please INTJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pass pass VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Pass obj 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 spoon det 4 serving serving NOUN Number=Sing 5 spoon compound 5 spoon spoon NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pass obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 1 Pass punct 7 please please INTJ _ 1 Pass discourse 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Pass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass imperative you not said here the serving spoon me vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient spoon=Theme
Example 8 Only his bride, who was serving as cook to her sisters, recognised her lover at once.
The tree, 16 words advmod nmod:poss nsubj punct nsubj aux acl case obl case nmod:poss obl punct nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Only ADV his PRON bride NOUN , PUNCT who PRON was AUX serving VERB as ADP cook NOUN to ADP her PRON sisters NOUN , PUNCT recognised VERB her PRON lover NOUN at ADP once ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 3 bride advmod 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 bride nmod:poss 3 bride bride NOUN Number=Sing 14 recognised nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 serving punct 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 serving nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 serving aux 7 serving serve VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 bride acl 8 as as ADP _ 9 cook case 9 cook cook NOUN Number=Sing 7 serving obl 10 to to ADP _ 12 sisters case 11 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 sisters nmod:poss 12 sisters sister NOUN Number=Plur 7 serving obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 3 bride punct 14 recognised recognise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 15 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 lover nmod:poss 16 lover lover NOUN Number=Sing 14 recognised obj 17 at at ADP _ 18 once case 18 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 14 recognised obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 14 recognised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 serve past · progressive his bride as cook; to bride's sisters vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as cook=Attribute 2 recognise past his bride bride's lover vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lover=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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