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shrivel

Who acts: something, I, flowers, Grapes, fingers, leaves · What happens: become, wrinkle, lack, make, do, feel · To what, where: heat, water, something, this, raisins, bath

«shrivel» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shrivel in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To become smaller, dry and wrinkled, often because of heat, cold or lack of water.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 become	mark
2	become	become	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 become	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 dry	punct
5	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 smaller	parataxis
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 wrinkled	cc
7	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 dry	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 heat	punct
9	often	often	ADV	_	12 heat	advmod
10	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	12 heat	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	10 because	fixed
12	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 become	xcomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cold	punct
14	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 heat	conj
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 lack	cc
16	lack	lack	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 heat	conj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 water	case
18	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 lack	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 heat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	to-infinitive		heat and cold or lack of water				small property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	wrinkle	participle							vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	lack			water					nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To make something do this.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 make	obj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 make	xcomp
5	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 do	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		something					tree rules
2	do	infinitive	something not said here	this					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality

Meaning 3

Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.

To feel very small or ashamed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 feel	mark
2	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 small	advmod
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 feel	xcomp
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 ashamed	cc
6	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 small	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 feel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	to-infinitive						small property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"I shrivelled with embarrassment."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shrivelled	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 shrivelled	nsubj
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 embarrassment	case
5	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrivelled	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shrivelled	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shrivelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivell in a quote	past	I					with embarrassment	tree rules

Example 1

The flowers shrivelled in the heat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flowers	det
2	flowers	flower	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shrivelled	nsubj
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 heat	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 heat	det
6	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrivelled	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shrivelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivell	past	the flowers			the heat			tree rules

Example 2

Grapes shrivel into raisins when they dry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 shrivel	nsubj
2	shrivel	shrivel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	4 raisins	case
4	raisins	raisin	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 shrivel	obl
5	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 dry	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 dry	nsubj
7	dry	dry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 shrivel	advcl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shrivel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivel	present	Grapes					into raisins result	vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent into raisin=Result
2	dry	present	Grapes = grape						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 3

My fingers shrivel in the bath.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 fingers	nmod:poss
2	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shrivel	nsubj
3	shrivel	shrivel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 bath	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bath	det
6	bath	bath	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrivel	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shrivel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivel	present	My fingers			the bath			vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 4

The leaves shrivelled up and fell off.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 leaves	det
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shrivelled	nsubj
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 shrivelled	compound:prt
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 fell	cc
6	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 shrivelled	conj
7	off	off	ADP	_	6 fell	compound:prt
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shrivelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivell up	past	the leaves						tree rules
2	fall off	past	the leaves not said here						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Example 5

The slug shrivelled when salt touched it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 slug	det
2	slug	slug	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrivelled	nsubj
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 touched	advmod
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 touched	nsubj
6	touched	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 shrivelled	advcl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 touched	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shrivelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivell	past	the slug						tree rules
2	touch	past	salt	slug					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Example 6

I shrivelled with embarrassment when I fell over on stage.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 shrivelled	nsubj
2	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 embarrassment	case
4	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shrivelled	obl
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 fell	advmod
6	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 fell	nsubj
7	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 shrivelled	advcl
8	over	over	ADV	_	7 fell	advmod
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 stage	case
10	stage	stage	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fell	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shrivelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivell	past	I					with embarrassment	tree rules
2	fall over	past	I			stage		over property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on stage=Location

Example 7

Till thy skin shrivels up and thou art a skeleton!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Till	till	ADP	_	3 skin	case
2	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	3 skin	nmod:poss
3	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shrivels	obl
4	shrivels	shrivel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 shrivels	compound:prt
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 art	cc
7	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	8 art	nsubj
8	art	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shrivels	conj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 skeleton	det
10	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 art	obj
11	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 shrivels	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrivel up	present					till thy skin		vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/shrivel/