shroud

Who acts: ropes, Fog, sailor, She · What happens: wrap, cover, hide, hold, shroud, hang · To what, where: dead body, burial, something, mast, town, castle

«shroud» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shroud in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A cloth that a dead body is wrapped in before burial.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cloth	det
2	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 wrapped	obj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 body	det
5	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 body	amod
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wrapped	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 wrapped	aux:pass
8	wrapped	wrap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 cloth	acl:relcl
9	in	in	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	11 burial	case
10	before	before	SCONJ	_	9 in	fixed
11	burial	burial	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wrapped	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cloth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wrap	present · passive		a dead body		burial			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

Something that covers or hides.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 covers	nsubj
3	covers	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Something	acl:relcl
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 hides	cc
5	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 covers	conj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Something	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	present							vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	hide	present							vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"a shroud of mist", "a shroud of secrecy".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shroud	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 shroud	det
3	shroud	shroud	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 mist	case
5	mist	mist	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shroud	nmod
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shroud	punct
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 shroud	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 shroud	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 shroud	det
10	shroud	shroud	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shroud	appos
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 secrecy	case
12	secrecy	secrecy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 shroud	nmod
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 shroud	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shroud	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To cover or hide something.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 cover	mark
2	cover	cover	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 hide	cc
4	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 cover	conj
5	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 hide	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cover	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	to-infinitive							vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	hide	infinitive		something					vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"Fog shrouded the town."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shrouded	punct
2	Fog	fog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrouded	nsubj
3	shrouded	shroud	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 town	det
5	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrouded	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shrouded	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shrouded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shroud in a quote	past	Fog	the town					vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme town=Destination

Meaning 4

Usage: noun, sailing — kept apart, not parsed.

One of the ropes that hold a ship's mast steady.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 ropes	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ropes	det
4	ropes	rope	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 One	nmod
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 hold	nsubj
6	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 ropes	acl:relcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 ship	det
8	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mast	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 ship	case
10	mast	mast	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	obj
11	steady	steady	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 hold	xcomp
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 One	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the ropes	a ship's mast				steady property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mast=Theme

Example 1

The castle was shrouded in fog.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 castle	det
2	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shrouded	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 shrouded	aux:pass
4	shrouded	shroud	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 fog	case
6	fog	fog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shrouded	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 shrouded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shroud	past · passive		the castle				in fog	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in fog=Theme

Example 2

The old house was shrouded in mystery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 house	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 house	amod
3	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shrouded	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 shrouded	aux:pass
5	shrouded	shroud	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 mystery	case
7	mystery	mystery	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shrouded	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 shrouded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shroud	past · passive		the old house				in mystery	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in mystery=Theme

Example 3

The body was wrapped in a white shroud.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 body	det
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wrapped	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 wrapped	aux:pass
4	wrapped	wrap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 shroud	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 shroud	det
7	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 shroud	amod
8	shroud	shroud	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wrapped	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 wrapped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wrap	past · passive		the body		a white shroud			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in shroud=Destination

Example 4

A shroud of smoke hung over the city.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 shroud	det
2	shroud	shroud	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hung	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 smoke	case
4	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shroud	nmod
5	hung	hang	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	over	over	ADP	_	8 city	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 city	det
8	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hung	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 hung	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	participle · passive		a shroud of smoke		the city			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme over city=Destination

Example 5

The plan was kept under a shroud of secrecy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plan	det
2	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kept	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 kept	aux:pass
4	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	under	under	ADP	_	7 shroud	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 shroud	det
7	shroud	shroud	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kept	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 secrecy	case
9	secrecy	secrecy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shroud	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past · passive		the plan		a shroud of secrecy			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme under shroud=Location

Example 6

The sailor climbed the shrouds to the top of the mast.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sailor	det
2	sailor	sailor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 climbed	nsubj
3	climbed	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 shrouds	det
5	shrouds	shroud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 climbed	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 top	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 top	det
8	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 climbed	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 mast	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mast	det
11	mast	mast	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 top	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 climbed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	past	the sailor	the shrouds				to the top of the mast result	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient shroud=Extent to top=Result

Example 7

She went up to the corpse, and drew away its shroud from it.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 went	nsubj
2	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 went	compound:prt
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 corpse	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 corpse	det
6	corpse	corpse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 drew	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 drew	cc
9	drew	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 went	conj
10	away	away	ADV	_	9 drew	advmod
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 shroud	nmod:poss
12	shroud	shroud	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 drew	obj
13	from	from	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 drew	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go up	past	She					to the corpse	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	draw away	past	She not said here	corpse's shroud		shroud		away property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent shroud=Theme from it=Initial_Location

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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