skimmed Who acts: She, stone, gull, waves, I, He · What happens: skim, be, read, move, take off, choose · To what, where: Skimmed past, top, top layer, skimmed milk milk, book, library
«skimmed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: skimmed in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Skimmed is the past of skim: read quickly, moved just over the top of something, or took the top layer off.
The tree, 21 words amod cop det case nmod punct parataxis advmod punct conj advmod case det obl case nmod punct cc conj det amod obj compound:prt punct root Skimmed VERB is AUX the DET past NOUN of ADP skim NOUN : PUNCT read VERB quickly ADV , PUNCT moved VERB just ADV over ADP the DET top NOUN of ADP something PRON , PUNCT or CCONJ took VERB the DET top ADJ layer NOUN off ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Skimmed skim VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 past amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 past cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 past det 4 past past NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 skim case 6 skim skim NOUN Number=Sing 4 past nmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 8 read punct 8 read read VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 past parataxis 9 quickly quickly ADV _ 8 read advmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 moved punct 11 moved move VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 read conj 12 just just ADV _ 15 top advmod 13 over over ADP _ 15 top case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 top det 15 top top NOUN Number=Sing 11 moved obl 16 of of ADP _ 17 something case 17 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 15 top nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 took punct 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 took cc 20 took take VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 read conj 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 layer det 22 top top ADJ Degree=Pos 23 layer amod 23 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 20 took obj 24 off off ADP _ 20 took compound:prt 25 . . PUNCT _ 4 past punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim participle vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent 2 is a present the Skimmed past of skim tree rules 3 read infinitive quickly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 move past the top of something vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme over top=Trajectory 5 take off past the top layer vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 As an adjective, skimmed milk is milk with most of the fat (cream) taken off.
The tree, 15 words case det obl punct amod compound cop case obl case det nmod punct appos punct acl:relcl compound:prt punct root As ADP an DET adjective NOUN , PUNCT skimmed VERB milk NOUN is AUX milk NOUN with ADP most ADJ of ADP the DET fat NOUN ( PUNCT cream NOUN ) PUNCT taken VERB off ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 adjective case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 adjective det 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 8 milk obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 skimmed skim VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 milk amod 6 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 8 milk compound 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 milk cop 8 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with ADP _ 10 most case 10 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 17 taken obl 11 of of ADP _ 13 fat case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 fat det 13 fat fat NOUN Number=Sing 10 most nmod 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 cream punct 15 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 13 fat appos 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 cream punct 17 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 milk acl:relcl 18 off off ADP _ 17 taken compound:prt 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 milk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim participle vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent 2 is a present skimmed milk milk as a adjective tree rules 3 take off participle skimmed milk milk not said here with most of the fat vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 She skimmed the book and then chose it from the library.
nsubj det obj cc advmod conj obj case det obl punct root She PRON skimmed VERB the DET book NOUN and CCONJ then ADV chose VERB it PRON from ADP the DET library NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 skimmed nsubj 2 skimmed skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 book det 4 book book NOUN Number=Sing 2 skimmed obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 chose cc 6 then then ADV PronType=Dem 7 chose advmod 7 chose choose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 skimmed conj 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 chose obj 9 from from ADP _ 11 library case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 library det 11 library library NOUN Number=Sing 7 chose obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim past She the book vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent book=Source 2 choose past She not said here book the library then vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme from library=Source
Example 2 The stone skimmed across the water four times.
det nsubj case det obl nummod obl:unmarked punct root The DET stone NOUN skimmed VERB across ADP the DET water NOUN four NUM times NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stone det 2 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 3 skimmed nsubj 3 skimmed skim VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 across across ADP _ 6 water case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 water det 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 skimmed obl 7 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 times nummod 8 times time NOUN Number=Plur 3 skimmed obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim participle the stone the water time vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent
Example 3 A gull skimmed the waves looking for fish.
det nsubj det obj acl case obl punct root A DET gull NOUN skimmed VERB the DET waves NOUN looking VERB for ADP fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gull det 2 gull gull NOUN Number=Sing 3 skimmed nsubj 3 skimmed skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 waves det 5 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 3 skimmed obj 6 looking look VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 waves acl 7 for for ADP _ 8 fish case 8 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 6 looking obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim past a gull the waves vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent wave=Source 2 look gerund the waves not said here for fish vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for fish=Theme
Example 4 I like skimmed milk on my cereal.
nsubj amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root I PRON like VERB skimmed VERB milk NOUN on ADP my PRON cereal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 like nsubj 2 like like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 skimmed skim VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 milk amod 4 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 2 like obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 cereal case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 cereal nmod:poss 7 cereal cereal NOUN Number=Sing 2 like obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 like punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like present I skimmed milk my cereal vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot milk=Theme 2 skim participle vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent
Example 5 He skimmed the menu and ordered pizza.
nsubj det obj cc conj obj punct root He PRON skimmed VERB the DET menu NOUN and CCONJ ordered VERB pizza NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 skimmed nsubj 2 skimmed skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 menu det 4 menu menu NOUN Number=Sing 2 skimmed obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 ordered cc 6 ordered order VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 skimmed conj 7 pizza pizza NOUN Number=Sing 6 ordered obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim past He the menu vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent menu=Source 2 order past He not said here pizza vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pizza=Theme
Example 6 Mum skimmed the foam off the jam.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root Mum NOUN skimmed VERB the DET foam NOUN off ADP the DET jam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 skimmed nsubj 2 skimmed skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 foam det 4 foam foam NOUN Number=Sing 2 skimmed obj 5 off off ADP _ 7 jam case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 jam det 7 jam jam NOUN Number=Sing 2 skimmed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim past Mum the foam the jam vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent foam=Theme off jam=Source
Example 7 The plane skimmed the tops of the trees.
det nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root The DET plane NOUN skimmed VERB the DET tops NOUN of ADP the DET trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 skimmed nsubj 3 skimmed skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tops det 5 tops top NOUN Number=Plur 3 skimmed obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 trees case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 trees det 8 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 5 tops nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim past the plane the tops of the trees vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent top=Source
Example 8 A few bats skimmed his nose now and again and scared him half to death.
The tree, 15 words det amod nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod cc conj cc conj obj advmod case obl punct root A DET few ADJ bats NOUN skimmed VERB his PRON nose NOUN now ADV and CCONJ again ADV and CCONJ scared VERB him PRON half ADV to ADP death NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bats det 2 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bats amod 3 bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 4 skimmed nsubj 4 skimmed skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 nose nmod:poss 6 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 4 skimmed obj 7 now now ADV PronType=Dem 4 skimmed advmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 again cc 9 again again ADV _ 7 now conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 scared cc 11 scared scare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 skimmed conj 12 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 scared obj 13 half half ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 11 scared advmod 14 to to ADP _ 15 death case 15 death death NOUN Number=Sing 11 scared obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 skimmed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim past a few bats his nose now vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent nose=Source 2 scare past a few bats not said here him = he to death; half property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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