skimmer Who acts: seabird, thing, stone, reader, device, hidden device criminals · What happens: use, lift, fly, skim, skip, read · To what, where: holes, things, top, fish, surface, water · Speech: someone speaks here
«skimmer» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: skimmer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A flat spoon or ladle with holes, used to lift things off the top of a liquid, like foam from soup.
The tree, 21 words det amod cc conj case nmod punct acl mark xcomp obj case det obl case det nmod punct case obl case nmod punct root A DET flat ADJ spoon NOUN or CCONJ ladle NOUN with ADP holes NOUN , PUNCT used VERB to PART lift VERB things NOUN off ADP the DET top NOUN of ADP a DET liquid NOUN , PUNCT like ADP foam NOUN from ADP soup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 spoon det 2 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 3 spoon amod 3 spoon spoon NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 ladle cc 5 ladle ladle NOUN Number=Sing 3 spoon conj 6 with with ADP _ 7 holes case 7 holes hole NOUN Number=Plur 5 ladle nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 used punct 9 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 holes acl 10 to to PART _ 11 lift mark 11 lift lift VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 used xcomp 12 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 lift obj 13 off off ADP _ 15 top case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 top det 15 top top NOUN Number=Sing 11 lift obl 16 of of ADP _ 18 liquid case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 liquid det 18 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing 15 top nmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 foam punct 20 like like ADP _ 21 foam case 21 foam foam NOUN Number=Sing 11 lift obl 22 from from ADP _ 23 soup case 23 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 21 foam nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoon punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle holes not said here vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 lift to-infinitive things the top of a liquid like foam from soup vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme off top=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A seabird that flies low and skims fish from the water's surface with its long lower beak.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj acl:relcl xcomp cc conj obj case det nmod:poss case obl case nmod:poss amod amod nmod punct root A DET seabird NOUN that PRON flies VERB low ADJ and CCONJ skims VERB fish NOUN from ADP the DET water NOUN 's PART surface NOUN with ADP its PRON long ADJ lower ADJ beak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 seabird det 2 seabird seabird NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 flies nsubj 4 flies fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 seabird acl:relcl 5 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 4 flies xcomp 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 skims cc 7 skims skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 flies conj 8 fish fish NOUN Number=Plur 7 skims obj 9 from from ADP _ 13 surface case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 water det 11 water water NOUN Number=Sing 13 surface nmod:poss 12 's 's PART _ 11 water case 13 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 7 skims obl 14 with with ADP _ 18 beak case 15 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 beak nmod:poss 16 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 18 beak amod 17 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 18 beak amod 18 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 13 surface nmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 seabird punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly present a seabird low property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 skim present a seabird not said here fish the water's surface with surface's long lower beak vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent fish=Theme from surface=Source
Meaning 3 A person or thing that skims, such as a stone that skips over water or a reader who reads quickly.
The tree, 20 words det cc conj nsubj acl:relcl punct case fixed det conj nsubj acl:relcl case obl cc det conj nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root A DET person NOUN or CCONJ thing NOUN that PRON skims VERB , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET stone NOUN that PRON skips VERB over ADP water NOUN or CCONJ a DET reader NOUN who PRON reads VERB quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 thing cc 4 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 2 person conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 skims nsubj 6 skims skim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 thing acl:relcl 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 stone punct 8 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 11 stone case 9 as as ADP _ 8 such fixed 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 stone det 11 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 2 person conj 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 skips nsubj 13 skips skip VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 stone acl:relcl 14 over over ADP _ 15 water case 15 water water NOUN Number=Sing 13 skips obl 16 or or CCONJ _ 18 reader cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 reader det 18 reader reader NOUN Number=Sing 15 water conj 19 who who PRON PronType=Rel 20 reads nsubj 20 reads read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 reader acl:relcl 21 quickly quickly ADV _ 20 reads advmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 skim present thing vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent 2 skip present a stone water or a reader vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over water=Trajectory 3 read present a reader quickly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 A device that removes oil, leaves or dirt from the surface of water, for example in a pool or after an oil spill.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj acl:relcl obj punct conj cc conj case det obl case nmod punct case obl case det obl cc case det compound conj punct root A DET device NOUN that PRON removes VERB oil NOUN , PUNCT leaves NOUN or CCONJ dirt NOUN from ADP the DET surface NOUN of ADP water NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN in ADP a DET pool NOUN or CCONJ after ADP an DET oil NOUN spill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 device det 2 device device NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 removes nsubj 4 removes remove VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 device acl:relcl 5 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 4 removes obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 leaves punct 7 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 oil conj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 dirt cc 9 dirt dirt NOUN Number=Sing 5 oil conj 10 from from ADP _ 12 surface case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 surface det 12 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 4 removes obl 13 of of ADP _ 14 water case 14 water water NOUN Number=Sing 12 surface nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 example punct 16 for for ADP _ 17 example case 17 example example NOUN Number=Sing 4 removes obl 18 in in ADP _ 20 pool case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 pool det 20 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 4 removes obl 21 or or CCONJ _ 25 spill cc 22 after after ADP _ 25 spill case 23 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 spill det 24 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 25 spill compound 25 spill spill NOUN Number=Sing 20 pool conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 2 device punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remove present a device oil and leaves or dirt the surface of water for example; in a pool or a oil spill vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent oil=Theme from surface=Source
Meaning 5 Usage: crime — kept apart, not parsed.
A hidden device criminals fit to cash machines to steal card details.
det amod compound nsubj mark compound obj mark advcl compound obj punct root A DET hidden ADJ device NOUN criminals NOUN fit VERB to PART cash NOUN machines NOUN to PART steal VERB card NOUN details NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 criminals det 2 hidden hidden ADJ Degree=Pos 4 criminals amod 3 device device NOUN Number=Sing 4 criminals compound 4 criminals criminal NOUN Number=Plur 5 fit nsubj 5 fit fit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 8 machines mark 7 cash cash NOUN Number=Sing 8 machines compound 8 machines machine NOUN Number=Plur 5 fit obj 9 to to PART _ 10 steal mark 10 steal steal VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 fit advcl 11 card card NOUN Number=Sing 12 details compound 12 details detail NOUN Number=Plur 10 steal obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 fit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fit present a hidden device criminals cash machines vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent machine=Patient 2 steal to-infinitive a hidden device criminals not said here card details vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location detail=Theme
Example 1 Grandma used a skimmer to take the foam off the jam.
nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj case det obl punct root Grandma NOUN used VERB a DET skimmer NOUN to PART take VERB the DET foam NOUN off ADP the DET jam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 used nsubj 2 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 skimmer det 4 skimmer skimmer NOUN Number=Sing 2 used obj 5 to to PART _ 6 take mark 6 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 used advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 foam det 8 foam foam NOUN Number=Sing 6 take obj 9 off off ADP _ 11 jam case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 jam det 11 jam jam NOUN Number=Sing 6 take obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past Grandma a skimmer vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skimmer=Patient 2 take to-infinitive Grandma not said here the foam the jam vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent foam=Theme off jam=Initial_Location
Example 2 The pool skimmer catches leaves before they sink.
det compound nsubj obj mark nsubj advcl punct root The DET pool NOUN skimmer NOUN catches VERB leaves NOUN before SCONJ they PRON sink VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 skimmer det 2 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 3 skimmer compound 3 skimmer skimmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 catches nsubj 4 catches catch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 4 catches obj 6 before before SCONJ _ 8 sink mark 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 sink nsubj 8 sink sink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 catches advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 catches punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch present the pool skimmer leaves vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme 2 sink present leaves = leaf vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 A black skimmer flew low over the waves.
det amod nsubj advmod case det obl punct root A DET black ADJ skimmer NOUN flew VERB low ADV over ADP the DET waves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 skimmer det 2 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 3 skimmer amod 3 skimmer skimmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 flew nsubj 4 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 low low ADV Degree=Pos 4 flew advmod 6 over over ADP _ 8 waves case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 waves det 8 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 4 flew obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past a black skimmer the waves low property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over wave=Location
Example 4 Ships used skimmers to clean up the oil spill.
nsubj obj mark advcl compound:prt det compound obj punct root Ships NOUN used VERB skimmers NOUN to PART clean VERB up ADP the DET oil NOUN spill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ships ship NOUN Number=Plur 2 used nsubj 2 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 skimmers skimmer NOUN Number=Plur 2 used obj 4 to to PART _ 5 clean mark 5 clean clean VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 used advcl 6 up up ADP _ 5 clean compound:prt 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 spill det 8 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 9 spill compound 9 spill spill NOUN Number=Sing 5 clean obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past Ships skimmers vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skimmer=Patient 2 clean up to-infinitive Ships not said here the oil spill vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent spill=Patient
Example 5 Mum checks the cash machine for skimmers.
nsubj det compound obj case nmod punct root Mum NOUN checks VERB the DET cash NOUN machine NOUN for ADP skimmers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 checks nsubj 2 checks check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 machine det 4 cash cash NOUN Number=Sing 5 machine compound 5 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 2 checks obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 skimmers case 7 skimmers skimmer NOUN Number=Plur 5 machine nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 checks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check present Mum the cash machine for skimmers vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent machine=Theme for skimmer=Attribute
Example 6 That flat stone is a great skimmer — it bounced five times!
det amod nsubj cop det amod punct nsubj acl:relcl nummod obl:unmarked punct root That DET flat ADJ stone NOUN is AUX a DET great ADJ skimmer NOUN — PUNCT it PRON bounced VERB five NUM times NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 stone det 2 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 3 stone amod 3 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 7 skimmer nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 skimmer cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 skimmer det 6 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 7 skimmer amod 7 skimmer skimmer NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 — - PUNCT _ 10 bounced punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 bounced nsubj 10 bounced bounce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 skimmer acl:relcl 11 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 times nummod 12 times time NOUN Number=Plur 10 bounced obl:unmarked 13 ! ! PUNCT _ 7 skimmer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present that flat stone a great skimmer tree rules 2 bounce past stone a great skimmer not said here time vn run-51.3.2-2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location skimmer=Theme
Example 7 Catskin told the cook how much she would like to go to the ball, the cook called her "a dirty slut," and broke the skimmer across her head.
The tree, 28 words nsubj det iobj advmod obj nsubj aux ccomp mark xcomp case det obl punct det nsubj parataxis obj punct det amod xcomp punct punct cc conj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Catskin PROPN told VERB the DET cook NOUN how ADV much ADJ she PRON would AUX like VERB to PART go VERB to ADP the DET ball NOUN , PUNCT the DET cook NOUN called VERB her PRON " PUNCT a DET dirty ADJ slut NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT and CCONJ broke VERB the DET skimmer NOUN across ADP her PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Catskin Catskin PROPN Number=Sing 2 told nsubj 2 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cook det 4 cook cook NOUN Number=Sing 2 told iobj 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 6 much advmod 6 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 9 like obj 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 like nsubj 8 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 like aux 9 like like VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 told ccomp 10 to to PART _ 11 go mark 11 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 like xcomp 12 to to ADP _ 14 ball case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 ball det 14 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 11 go obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 called punct 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 cook det 17 cook cook NOUN Number=Sing 18 called nsubj 18 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 told parataxis 19 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 called obj 20 " " PUNCT _ 23 slut punct 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 slut det 22 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos 23 slut amod 23 slut slut NOUN Number=Sing 18 called xcomp 24 , , PUNCT _ 23 slut punct 25 " " PUNCT _ 23 slut punct 26 and and CCONJ _ 27 broke cc 27 broke break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 called conj 28 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 29 skimmer det 29 skimmer skimmer NOUN Number=Sing 27 broke obj 30 across across ADP _ 32 head case 31 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 32 head nmod:poss 32 head head NOUN Number=Sing 27 broke obl 33 . . PUNCT _ 2 told punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert past Catskin the cook vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent cook=Recipient clause=Topic 2 like would Catskin much tree rules 3 go not said to happen to-infinitive Catskin not said here the ball vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to ball=Initial_Location 4 call past the cook Catskin vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient 5 break past the cook not said here the skimmer Catskin's head vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer skimmer=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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