sneering Who acts: that, someone, others, Sneering, he, act · What happens: sneer, describe, look, remark, mock, show · To what, where: voice, ing form, act, unkind way, sneering voice, spelling · Speech: someone speaks here
«sneering» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sneering in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Sneering describes a voice, look or remark that is mocking and shows someone thinks others are worthless.
The tree, 17 words nsubj det obj punct parataxis cc conj nsubj aux ccomp cc conj nsubj ccomp nsubj cop ccomp punct root Sneering VERB describes VERB a DET voice NOUN , PUNCT look VERB or CCONJ remark VERB that PRON is AUX mocking VERB and CCONJ shows VERB someone PRON thinks VERB others NOUN are AUX worthless ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sneering sneer VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 describes nsubj 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 voice det 4 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 look punct 6 look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 describes parataxis 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 remark cc 8 remark remark VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 look conj 9 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 mocking nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 mocking aux 11 mocking mock VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 remark ccomp 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 shows cc 13 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 describes conj 14 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 15 thinks nsubj 15 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 shows ccomp 16 others other NOUN Number=Plur 18 worthless nsubj 17 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 worthless cop 18 worthless worthless ADJ Degree=Pos 15 thinks ccomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sneer gerund vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 describe present a voice vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent voice=Theme 3 look infinitive vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 4 remark speech: assert infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 mock present · progressive that vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 6 show present vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 7 think speech: other present someone vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 8 is present others worthless property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Sneering is the -ing form of «sneer»: he was sneering at us.
The tree, 12 words nsubj cop det punct compound case punct nmod punct punct nsubj aux advcl case obl punct root Sneering NOUN is AUX the DET - PUNCT ing NOUN form NOUN of ADP « PUNCT sneer NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT he PRON was AUX sneering VERB at ADP us PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sneering sneering NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 form cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 form det 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 the punct 5 ing ing NOUN Number=Sing 6 form compound 6 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 sneer case 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 sneer punct 9 sneer sneer NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nmod 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 sneer punct 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 sneering punct 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 sneering nsubj 13 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 sneering aux 14 sneering sneer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 form advcl 15 at at ADP _ 16 us case 16 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 sneering obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Sneering the ing form of sneer tree rules 2 sneer past · progressive he at us vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Sneering as a noun is the act of mocking in that unkind way.
csubj case det obl cop det mark acl case det amod obl punct root Sneering VERB as ADP a DET noun NOUN is AUX the DET act NOUN of SCONJ mocking VERB in ADP that DET unkind ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sneering sneer VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 act csubj 2 as as ADP _ 4 noun case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 noun det 4 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 1 Sneering obl 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 act cop 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 act det 7 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of SCONJ _ 9 mocking mark 9 mocking mock VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 act acl 10 in in ADP _ 13 way case 11 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 13 way det 12 unkind unkind ADJ Degree=Pos 13 way amod 13 way way NOUN Number=Sing 9 mocking obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sneer gerund as a noun vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present Sneering the act tree rules 3 mock gerund the act not said here that unkind way vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 He answered in a sneering voice.
nsubj case det compound obl punct root He PRON answered VERB in ADP a DET sneering NOUN voice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 answered nsubj 2 answered answer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 voice case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 voice det 5 sneering sneering NOUN Number=Sing 6 voice compound 6 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 answered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 answered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 answer speech: assert past He a sneering voice vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 The sneering boy laughed at my spelling.
det compound nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET sneering NOUN boy NOUN laughed VERB at ADP my PRON spelling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 boy det 2 sneering sneering NOUN Number=Sing 3 boy compound 3 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 4 laughed nsubj 4 laughed laugh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 at at ADP _ 7 spelling case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 spelling nmod:poss 7 spelling spelling NOUN Number=Sing 4 laughed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 laughed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh past the sneering boy my spelling vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 spell my nom spelling «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Stop sneering at your sister.
xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root Stop VERB sneering VERB at ADP your PRON sister NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 sneering sneer VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 at at ADP _ 5 sister case 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 sister nmod:poss 5 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 2 sneering obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 sneer gerund you not said here at your sister vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Her sneering remark hurt my feelings.
nmod:poss compound nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Her PRON sneering NOUN remark NOUN hurt VERB my PRON feelings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 remark nmod:poss 2 sneering sneering NOUN Number=Sing 3 remark compound 3 remark remark NOUN Number=Sing 4 hurt nsubj 4 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 feelings nmod:poss 6 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 4 hurt obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt past Her sneering remark my feelings vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer feeling=Patient 2 remark Her = she nom remark «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 The sneering guard would not let them pass.
det compound nsubj aux advmod obj xcomp punct root The DET sneering NOUN guard NOUN would AUX not PART let VERB them PRON pass VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 guard det 2 sneering sneering NOUN Number=Sing 3 guard compound 3 guard guard NOUN Number=Sing 6 let nsubj 4 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 let aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 let advmod 6 let let VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 let obj 8 pass pass VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 let xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not let would the sneering guard them = they tree rules 2 pass infinitive them = they not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 There was a lot of sneering when he fell over, but his friends helped him up.
The tree, 16 words expl det nsubj mark acl advmod nsubj advcl advmod punct cc nmod:poss nsubj parataxis obj compound:prt punct root There PRON was VERB a DET lot NOUN of SCONJ sneering VERB when ADV he PRON fell VERB over ADV , PUNCT but CCONJ his PRON friends NOUN helped VERB him PRON up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lot det 4 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 sneering mark 6 sneering sneer VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 lot acl 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 fell advmod 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 fell nsubj 9 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 sneering advcl 10 over over ADV _ 9 fell advmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 helped punct 12 but but CCONJ _ 15 helped cc 13 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 friends nmod:poss 14 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 15 helped nsubj 15 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 was parataxis 16 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 helped obj 17 up up ADP _ 15 helped compound:prt 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a lot there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 sneer gerund a lot not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 fall over past lot over property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 help up past lot's friends lot vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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