southwards Who acts: It, journey, geese, We, river, storm · What happens: mean, describe, go, fly, drive, flow · To what, where: direction, south, coast, map, station, it
«southwards» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: southwards in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Southwards means towards the south.
advmod case det obl punct root Southwards ADV means VERB towards ADP the DET south NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Southwards southwards ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 towards towards ADP _ 5 south case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 south det 5 south south NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present towards the south; southwards property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It describes the direction of a movement or a journey going to the south.
The tree, 14 words nsubj det obj case det nmod cc det conj acl case det obl punct root It PRON describes VERB the DET direction NOUN of ADP a DET movement NOUN or CCONJ a DET journey NOUN going VERB to ADP the DET south NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 describes nsubj 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 direction det 4 direction direction NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 movement case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 movement det 7 movement movement NOUN Number=Sing 4 direction nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 journey cc 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 journey det 10 journey journey NOUN Number=Sing 7 movement conj 11 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 journey acl 12 to to ADP _ 14 south case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 south det 14 south south NOUN Number=Sing 11 going obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present It the direction of a movement or a journey vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent direction=Theme 2 go gerund a journey not said here the south vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to south=Initial_Location
Example 1 The geese flew southwards for the winter.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET geese NOUN flew VERB southwards ADV for ADP the DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 geese det 2 geese goose NOUN Number=Plur 3 flew nsubj 3 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 southwards southwards ADV _ 3 flew advmod 5 for for ADP _ 7 winter case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 winter det 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 3 flew obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past the geese winter southwards property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 We drove southwards towards the coast.
nsubj advmod case det obl punct root We PRON drove VERB southwards ADV towards ADP the DET coast NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 drove nsubj 2 drove drive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 southwards southwards ADV _ 2 drove advmod 4 towards towards ADP _ 6 coast case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 coast det 6 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 2 drove obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 drove punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive past We the coast southwards property vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent towards coast=Trajectory
Example 3 The river flows southwards to the sea.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET river NOUN flows VERB southwards ADV to ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 river det 2 river river NOUN Number=Sing 3 flows nsubj 3 flows flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 southwards southwards ADV _ 3 flows advmod 5 to to ADP _ 7 sea case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sea det 7 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 3 flows obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 flows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flow present the river to the sea; southwards property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 On a map, southwards is usually down the page.
case det obl punct conj cop advmod case det punct root On ADP a DET map NOUN , PUNCT southwards NOUN is AUX usually ADV down ADP the DET page NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 3 map case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 map det 3 map map NOUN Number=Sing 10 page obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 southwards punct 5 southwards southward NOUN Number=Plur 3 map conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 page cop 7 usually usually ADV _ 10 page advmod 8 down down ADP _ 10 page case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 page det 10 page page NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 page punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a map and southwards down the page; usually property tree rules
Example 5 The storm was moving southwards.
det nsubj aux advmod punct root The DET storm NOUN was AUX moving VERB southwards ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 storm det 2 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 4 moving nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 moving aux 4 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 southwards southwards ADV _ 4 moving advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 moving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move past · progressive the storm southwards property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 From the station, walk southwards for two blocks.
case det obl punct advmod case nummod obl punct root From ADP the DET station NOUN , PUNCT walk VERB southwards ADV for ADP two NUM blocks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 From from ADP _ 3 station case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 station det 3 station station NOUN Number=Sing 5 walk obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 station punct 5 walk walk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 southwards southwards ADV _ 5 walk advmod 7 for for ADP _ 9 blocks case 8 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 blocks nummod 9 blocks block NOUN Number=Plur 5 walk obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 walk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk imperative you not said here the station for two blocks; southwards property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from station=Trajectory
Example 7 In Australia, going southwards makes it colder.
case obl punct csubj advmod obj xcomp punct root In ADP Australia PROPN , PUNCT going VERB southwards ADV makes VERB it PRON colder ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Australia case 2 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 6 makes obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Australia punct 4 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 makes csubj 5 southwards southwards ADV _ 4 going advmod 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 makes obj 8 colder cold ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 makes xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go gerund southwards property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 make present going it Australia cold property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
Example 8 Finnian, the Abbott of Moville, went southwards and eastwards in great haste.
The tree, 12 words nsubj punct det conj case nmod punct obj cc conj case amod obl punct root Finnian PROPN , PUNCT the DET Abbott PROPN of ADP Moville PROPN , PUNCT went VERB southwards NOUN and CCONJ eastwards NOUN in ADP great ADJ haste NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Finnian Finnian PROPN Number=Sing 8 went nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 Abbott punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Abbott det 4 Abbott Abbott PROPN Number=Sing 1 Finnian conj 5 of of ADP _ 6 Moville case 6 Moville Moville PROPN Number=Sing 4 Abbott nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 1 Finnian punct 8 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 southwards southward NOUN Number=Plur 8 went obj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 eastwards cc 11 eastwards eastward NOUN Number=Plur 9 southwards conj 12 in in ADP _ 14 haste case 13 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 14 haste amod 14 haste haste NOUN Number=Sing 8 went obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past Finnian and the Abbott of Moville southwards and eastwards great haste vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location southward=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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