spinster Who acts: spinster, job, old papers spinster, Great aunt, marriage record, spinsters · What happens: be, not marry, spin, live, love, travel · To what, where: woman, thread, word, old story, spinster, her · Speech: someone speaks here
«spinster» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spinster in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A spinster is a woman who has never married, usually an older one (old-fashioned).
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det nsubj:pass aux advmod acl:relcl punct advmod det amod appos punct amod punct amod punct punct root A DET spinster NOUN is AUX a DET woman NOUN who PRON has AUX never ADV married VERB , PUNCT usually ADV an DET older ADJ one NOUN ( PUNCT old ADJ - PUNCT fashioned ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 spinster det 2 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 5 woman nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 woman cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 woman det 5 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 married nsubj:pass 7 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 married aux 8 never never ADV PronType=Neg 9 married advmod 9 married marry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 woman acl:relcl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 one punct 11 usually usually ADV _ 14 one advmod 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 one det 13 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 14 one amod 14 one one NOUN Number=Sing 5 woman appos 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 fashioned punct 16 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 18 fashioned amod 17 - - PUNCT _ 16 old punct 18 fashioned fashioned ADJ Degree=Pos 14 one amod 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 fashioned punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 woman punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a spinster a woman tree rules 2 not marry present · perfect · passive a woman vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.
A spinster was once a woman whose job was spinning thread.
det nsubj cop advmod det nmod:poss nsubj aux acl:relcl obj punct root A DET spinster NOUN was AUX once ADV a DET woman NOUN whose PRON job NOUN was AUX spinning VERB thread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 spinster det 2 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 6 woman nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 woman cop 4 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 6 woman advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 woman det 6 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 8 job nmod:poss 8 job job NOUN Number=Sing 10 spinning nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 spinning aux 10 spinning spin VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 woman acl:relcl 11 thread thread NOUN Number=Sing 10 spinning obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 woman punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a spinster a woman once property tree rules 2 spin past · progressive job thread vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent thread=Theme
Meaning 3 In old legal papers spinster was the word for an unmarried woman (law, old).
The tree, 14 words case amod amod compound nsubj cop det case det amod nmod punct appos punct amod punct punct root In ADP old ADJ legal ADJ papers NOUN spinster NOUN was AUX the DET word NOUN for ADP an DET unmarried ADJ woman NOUN ( PUNCT law NOUN , PUNCT old ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 5 spinster case 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 spinster amod 3 legal legal ADJ Degree=Pos 4 papers amod 4 papers paper NOUN Number=Plur 5 spinster compound 5 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 8 word nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 word cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 word det 8 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 for for ADP _ 12 woman case 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 woman det 11 unmarried unmarried ADJ Degree=Pos 12 woman amod 12 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 8 word nmod 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 14 law punct 14 law law NOUN Number=Sing 12 woman appos 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 old punct 16 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 14 law amod 17 ) ) PUNCT _ 14 law punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past old papers spinster the word for a unmarried woman tree rules
Example 1 In the old story, the spinster lived alone with her cats.
case det amod obl punct det nsubj advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root In ADP the DET old ADJ story NOUN , PUNCT the DET spinster NOUN lived VERB alone ADV with ADP her PRON cats NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 story det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 story amod 4 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 lived obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 story punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 spinster det 7 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 8 lived nsubj 8 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 alone alone ADV _ 8 lived advmod 10 with with ADP _ 12 cats case 11 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 cats nmod:poss 12 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 8 lived obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the spinster the old story with spinster's cats; alone property vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in story=Location
Example 2 Great-aunt Molly was a spinster all her life and loved travelling.
amod punct nsubj appos cop det det:predet nmod:poss nmod cc conj xcomp punct root Great ADJ - PUNCT aunt NOUN Molly PROPN was AUX a DET spinster NOUN all DET her PRON life NOUN and CCONJ loved VERB travelling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 3 aunt amod 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Great punct 3 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 7 spinster nsubj 4 Molly Molly PROPN Number=Sing 3 aunt appos 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 spinster cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 spinster det 7 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 life det:predet 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 life nmod:poss 10 life life NOUN Number=Sing 7 spinster nmod 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 loved cc 12 loved love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 spinster conj 13 travelling travel VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 loved xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 spinster punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Great aunt a spinster Molly's life nmod tree rules 2 love past Great aunt not said here vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 travel not said to happen gerund Great aunt not said here vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 The marriage record called her «spinster» because she had not been married before.
The tree, 13 words det compound nsubj obj punct xcomp punct mark nsubj:pass aux advmod aux:pass advcl advmod punct root The DET marriage NOUN record NOUN called VERB her PRON « PUNCT spinster NOUN » PUNCT because SCONJ she PRON had AUX not PART been AUX married VERB before ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 record det 2 marriage marriage NOUN Number=Sing 3 record compound 3 record record NOUN Number=Sing 4 called nsubj 4 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 called obj 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 spinster punct 7 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 4 called xcomp 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 spinster punct 9 because because SCONJ _ 14 married mark 10 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 married nsubj:pass 11 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 married aux 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 married advmod 13 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 14 married aux:pass 14 married marry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 called advcl 15 before before ADV _ 14 married advmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past the marriage record her = she vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient 2 not marry past · perfect · passive record before property vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 4 Long ago spinsters spun wool into thread.
advmod advmod nsubj obj case obl punct root Long ADV ago ADV spinsters NOUN spun VERB wool NOUN into ADP thread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Long long ADV Degree=Pos 2 ago advmod 2 ago ago ADV _ 4 spun advmod 3 spinsters spinster NOUN Number=Plur 4 spun nsubj 4 spun spin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 4 spun obj 6 into into ADP _ 7 thread case 7 thread thread NOUN Number=Sing 4 spun obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 spun punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spin past spinsters wool thread ago property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent wool=Theme into thread=Trajectory
Example 5 Calling someone «an old spinster» is rude.
csubj obj punct det amod xcomp punct cop punct root Calling VERB someone PRON « PUNCT an DET old ADJ spinster NOUN » PUNCT is AUX rude ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Calling call VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 rude csubj 2 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Calling obj 3 « « PUNCT _ 6 spinster punct 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 spinster det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 spinster amod 6 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 1 Calling xcomp 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 spinster punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 rude cop 9 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 rude punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call gerund someone vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient 2 is present Calling rude property tree rules
Example 6 The book is about two spinster sisters who run a shop.
det nsubj cop advmod nummod compound nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct root The DET book NOUN is AUX about ADV two NUM spinster NOUN sisters NOUN who PRON run VERB a DET shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 book det 2 book book NOUN Number=Sing 7 sisters nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sisters cop 4 about about ADV _ 5 two advmod 5 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 sisters nummod 6 spinster spinster NOUN Number=Sing 7 sisters compound 7 sisters sister NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 run nsubj 9 run run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sisters acl:relcl 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 shop det 11 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 9 run obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 sisters punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the book two spinster sisters tree rules 2 run present two spinster sisters a shop vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shop=Trajectory
Example 7 “Oh dear, oh dear,” cried Wendy, “I’m sure I sometimes think that spinsters are to be envied.”
The tree, 18 words punct discourse parataxis punct discourse conj punct punct flat punct punct nsubj conj xcomp nsubj advmod ccomp mark nsubj:pass aux:pass mark aux:pass ccomp punct punct root “ PUNCT Oh INTJ dear ADJ , PUNCT oh INTJ dear ADJ , PUNCT ” PUNCT cried VERB Wendy PROPN , PUNCT “ PUNCT I PRON ’m VERB sure ADJ I PRON sometimes ADV think VERB that SCONJ spinsters NOUN are AUX to PART be AUX envied VERB . PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 3 dear punct 2 Oh oh INTJ _ 3 dear discourse 3 dear dear ADJ Degree=Pos 9 cried parataxis 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 dear punct 5 oh oh INTJ _ 6 dear discourse 6 dear dear ADJ Degree=Pos 3 dear conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 dear punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 3 dear punct 9 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 Wendy Wendy PROPN Number=Sing 9 cried flat 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 ’m punct 12 “ " PUNCT _ 14 ’m punct 13 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 ’m nsubj 14 ’m be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 cried conj 15 sure sure ADJ Degree=Pos 14 ’m xcomp 16 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 18 think nsubj 17 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 18 think advmod 18 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 sure ccomp 19 that that SCONJ _ 24 envied mark 20 spinsters spinster NOUN Number=Plur 24 envied nsubj:pass 21 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 envied aux:pass 22 to to PART _ 24 envied mark 23 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 24 envied aux:pass 24 envied envy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 think ccomp 25 . . PUNCT _ 9 cried punct 26 ” " PUNCT _ 9 cried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express past vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 be in a quote present I sure property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 think speech: other in a quote present I sometimes property vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 4 envy in a quote present · passive spinsters vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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