sputter

Who acts: hissing, match, She, it, tree · What happens: sputter, be, hiss, spit, do, burn · To what, where: noises, one

«sputter» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sputter in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To sputter is to make short, hissing or spitting noises, as a fire or a match does when it burns.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 sputter	mark
2	sputter	sputter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 make	csubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	cop
4	to	to	PART	_	5 make	mark
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 make	xcomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 hissing	punct
8	hissing	hiss	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 does	csubj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 spitting	cc
10	spitting	spit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 hissing	conj
11	noises	noise	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 spitting	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 fire	punct
13	as	as	ADP	_	15 fire	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 fire	det
15	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 spitting	obl
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 match	cc
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 match	det
18	match	match	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 fire	conj
19	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	parataxis
20	when	when	SCONJ	_	22 burns	mark
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 burns	nsubj
22	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 does	advcl
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	sputter	to-infinitive				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present			make, short property	tree rules
3	hiss	gerund				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	spit	gerund		noises	as a fire or a match	vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent noise=Theme
5	do	present	hissing			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	burn	present	match			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

She struck one, and it sputtered as it burnt.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 struck	nsubj
2	struck	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 struck	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 sputtered	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 sputtered	cc
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 sputtered	nsubj
7	sputtered	sputter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 struck	conj
8	as	as	ADP	_	9 it	case
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 sputtered	obl
10	burnt	burnt	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 sputtered	xcomp
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 struck	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	past	She	one					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
2	sputter	past	it					as it; burnt property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 2

The tree began to sputter and burn like a candle.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tree	det
2	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 began	nsubj
3	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 sputter	mark
5	sputter	sputter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 began	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 burn	cc
7	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 sputter	conj
8	like	like	ADP	_	10 candle	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 candle	det
10	candle	candle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 burn	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	begin	past	the tree		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	sputter	to-infinitive	the tree not said here		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	burn	infinitive	the tree not said here	like a candle	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sputter/