strengthen Who acts: Swimming, We, Working, Milk, builders, kind words · What happens: strengthen, be, work together, help, word, need · To what, where: something, feeling, arms, paper bridge, wind, friendship
«strengthen» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: strengthen in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To strengthen something is to make it stronger.
mark csubj obj cop mark obj xcomp punct root To PART strengthen VERB something PRON is AUX to PART make VERB it PRON stronger ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 strengthen mark 2 strengthen strengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 strengthen obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 make cop 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 make obj 8 stronger strong ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 make xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen to-infinitive something vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 is present make, strong property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To strengthen is to become stronger.
mark csubj cop mark xcomp punct root To PART strengthen VERB is AUX to PART become VERB stronger ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 strengthen mark 2 strengthen strengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 become csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 become cop 4 to to PART _ 5 become mark 5 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 stronger strong ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 become xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 become punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present become, strong property tree rules
Meaning 3 To strengthen a feeling, idea or friendship is to make it firmer or more certain.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl det obj punct compound cc conj cop mark obj xcomp cc conj conj punct root To PART strengthen VERB a DET feeling NOUN , PUNCT idea NOUN or CCONJ friendship NOUN is AUX to PART make VERB it PRON firmer ADJ or CCONJ more ADJ certain ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 strengthen mark 2 strengthen strengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 make advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 feeling det 4 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing 2 strengthen obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 idea punct 6 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 4 feeling compound 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 friendship cc 8 friendship friendship NOUN Number=Sing 4 feeling conj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 make cop 10 to to PART _ 11 make mark 11 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 make obj 13 firmer firm ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 make xcomp 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 more cc 15 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 firmer conj 16 certain certain ADJ Degree=Pos 13 firmer conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 11 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen to-infinitive a feeling or friendship vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent feeling=Patient 2 is present firm, make property tree rules
Example 1 Swimming strengthens your arms and legs.
nsubj nmod:poss obj cc conj punct root Swimming NOUN strengthens VERB your PRON arms NOUN and CCONJ legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 2 strengthens nsubj 2 strengthens strengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 arms nmod:poss 4 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 2 strengthens obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 legs cc 6 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 4 arms conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 strengthens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen present Swimming your arms and legs vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent arm=Patient
Example 2 We strengthened the paper bridge with triangles.
nsubj det compound obj case obl punct root We PRON strengthened VERB the DET paper NOUN bridge NOUN with ADP triangles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 strengthened nsubj 2 strengthened strengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bridge det 4 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 5 bridge compound 5 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 2 strengthened obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 triangles case 7 triangles triangle NOUN Number=Plur 2 strengthened obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 strengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen past We the paper bridge with triangles vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient with triangle=Instrument
Example 3 The wind strengthened during the night.
det acl case det obl punct root The DET wind NOUN strengthened VERB during ADP the DET night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wind det 2 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 strengthened strengthen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 wind acl 4 during during ADP _ 6 night case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 night det 6 night night NOUN Number=Sing 3 strengthened obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 wind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen participle the wind not said here night vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 Working together strengthened our friendship.
csubj advmod nmod:poss obj punct root Working VERB together ADV strengthened VERB our PRON friendship NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Working work VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 strengthened csubj 2 together together ADV _ 1 Working advmod 3 strengthened strengthen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 friendship nmod:poss 5 friendship friendship NOUN Number=Sing 3 strengthened obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 strengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work together gerund together property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 strengthen participle Working our friendship vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent friendship=Patient
Example 5 Milk helps to strengthen bones and teeth.
nsubj mark xcomp obj cc conj punct root Milk NOUN helps VERB to PART strengthen VERB bones NOUN and CCONJ teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps nsubj 2 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 strengthen mark 4 strengthen strengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 helps xcomp 5 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 4 strengthen obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 teeth cc 7 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 5 bones conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Milk vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 strengthen to-infinitive Milk not said here bones and teeth vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bone=Patient
Example 6 The builders strengthened the old wall with steel bars.
det nsubj det amod obj case compound obl punct root The DET builders NOUN strengthened VERB the DET old ADJ wall NOUN with ADP steel NOUN bars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 builders det 2 builders builder NOUN Number=Plur 3 strengthened nsubj 3 strengthened strengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 wall det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 wall amod 6 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 3 strengthened obj 7 with with ADP _ 9 bars case 8 steel steel NOUN Number=Sing 9 bars compound 9 bars bar NOUN Number=Plur 3 strengthened obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 strengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen past the builders the old wall with steel bars vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent wall=Patient with bar=Instrument
Example 7 Her kind words strengthened my courage.
nmod:poss amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Her PRON kind ADJ words NOUN strengthened VERB my PRON courage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 words nmod:poss 2 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 words amod 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 strengthened nsubj 4 strengthened strengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 courage nmod:poss 6 courage courage NOUN Number=Sing 4 strengthened obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 strengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen past Her kind words my courage vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent courage=Patient 2 word Her = she nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 The new evidence strengthened the detective's idea.
det amod nsubj det nmod:poss case obj punct root The DET new ADJ evidence NOUN strengthened VERB the DET detective NOUN 's PART idea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 evidence det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 evidence amod 3 evidence evidence NOUN Number=Sing 4 strengthened nsubj 4 strengthened strengthen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 detective det 6 detective detective NOUN Number=Sing 8 idea nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 detective case 8 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 4 strengthened obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 strengthened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strengthen past the new evidence the detective's idea vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent idea=Patient
Example 9 You must be needing something to strengthen you after that turn.’
nsubj aux aux obj mark acl obj case det obl punct punct root You PRON must AUX be AUX needing VERB something PRON to PART strengthen VERB you PRON after ADP that DET turn NOUN . PUNCT ’ PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 needing nsubj 2 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 needing aux 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 needing aux 4 needing need VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 needing obj 6 to to PART _ 7 strengthen mark 7 strengthen strengthen VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 something acl 8 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 strengthen obj 9 after after ADP _ 11 turn case 10 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 turn det 11 turn turn NOUN Number=Sing 7 strengthen obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 needing punct 13 ’ ' PUNCT _ 4 needing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need must · progressive You something vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot something=Theme 2 strengthen to-infinitive You not said here you after that turn vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent you=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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