superficially Who acts: surface, Bats, He, driver, twins, problem · What happens: mean, look, do, injure, hurt, be · To what, where: surface, skin, mammals, chapter, main point, problem · Speech: someone speaks here
«superficially» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: superficially in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Superficially means only on the surface or at first look, not deeply: «They look superficially alike».
The tree, 16 words advmod advmod case det obj cc case amod conj punct advmod advmod punct punct nsubj parataxis advmod xcomp punct punct root Superficially ADV means VERB only ADV on ADP the DET surface NOUN or CCONJ at ADP first ADJ look NOUN , PUNCT not PART deeply ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT They PRON look VERB superficially ADV alike ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Superficially superficially ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 only only ADV _ 6 surface advmod 4 on on ADP _ 6 surface case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 surface det 6 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 10 look cc 8 at at ADP _ 10 look case 9 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 10 look amod 10 look look NOUN Number=Sing 6 surface conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 deeply punct 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 deeply advmod 13 deeply deeply ADV _ 10 look advmod 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 look punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 look punct 16 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 look nsubj 17 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 means parataxis 18 superficially superficially ADV _ 19 alike advmod 19 alike alike ADJ Degree=Pos 17 look xcomp 20 » » PUNCT _ 17 look punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the surface or first look superficially property tree rules 2 look in a quote present surface alike property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Superficially can mean done quickly and carelessly, without real thought or care.
advmod aux xcomp advmod cc conj punct case amod obl cc conj punct root Superficially ADV can AUX mean VERB done VERB quickly ADV and CCONJ carelessly ADV , PUNCT without ADP real ADJ thought NOUN or CCONJ care NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Superficially superficially ADV _ 3 mean advmod 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 mean xcomp 5 quickly quickly ADV _ 4 done advmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 carelessly cc 7 carelessly carelessly ADV _ 5 quickly conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 thought punct 9 without without ADP _ 11 thought case 10 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 11 thought amod 11 thought thought NOUN Number=Sing 4 done obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 care cc 13 care care NOUN Number=Sing 11 thought conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can superficially property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen participle without real thought or care; quickly property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: medical — kept apart, not parsed.
Superficially injured means hurt only on the skin, not deep inside.
advmod nsubj ccomp advmod case det obl punct advmod advmod parataxis punct root Superficially ADV injured VERB means VERB hurt VERB only ADV on ADP the DET skin NOUN , PUNCT not PART deep ADV inside ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Superficially superficially ADV _ 2 injured advmod 2 injured injure VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 means ccomp 5 only only ADV _ 8 skin advmod 6 on on ADP _ 8 skin case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 skin det 8 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 4 hurt obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 inside punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 inside advmod 11 deep deep ADV _ 12 inside advmod 12 inside inside ADV _ 3 means parataxis 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 injure participle superficially property tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 hurt participle the skin vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 Bats and birds are superficially alike, but bats are mammals.
nsubj cc conj cop advmod punct cc nsubj cop parataxis punct root Bats NOUN and CCONJ birds NOUN are AUX superficially ADV alike ADJ , PUNCT but CCONJ bats NOUN are AUX mammals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 6 alike nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 birds cc 3 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 1 Bats conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 alike cop 5 superficially superficially ADV _ 6 alike advmod 6 alike alike ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 mammals punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 11 mammals cc 9 bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 11 mammals nsubj 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 mammals cop 11 mammals mammal NOUN Number=Plur 6 alike parataxis 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 alike punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Bats and birds alike, superficially property tree rules 2 is a present bats mammals tree rules
Example 2 He read the chapter only superficially and missed the main point.
nsubj det obj advmod advmod cc conj det amod obj punct root He PRON read VERB the DET chapter NOUN only ADV superficially ADV and CCONJ missed VERB the DET main ADJ point NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 chapter det 4 chapter chapter NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obj 5 only only ADV _ 6 superficially advmod 6 superficially superficially ADV _ 2 read advmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 missed cc 8 missed miss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 read conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 point det 10 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 11 point amod 11 point point NOUN Number=Sing 8 missed obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past He the chapter superficially property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chapter=Topic 2 miss past He not said here the main point vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer point=Stimulus
Example 3 The driver was superficially injured, with just a few scratches.
det nsubj cop advmod punct case advmod det amod obl punct root The DET driver NOUN was AUX superficially ADV injured ADJ , PUNCT with ADP just ADV a DET few ADJ scratches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 driver det 2 driver driver NOUN Number=Sing 5 injured nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 injured cop 4 superficially superficially ADV _ 5 injured advmod 5 injured injured ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 scratches punct 7 with with ADP _ 11 scratches case 8 just just ADV _ 11 scratches advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 scratches det 10 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 11 scratches amod 11 scratches scratch NOUN Number=Plur 5 injured obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 injured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the driver with a few scratches; injured, superficially property tree rules
Example 4 The twins look superficially the same but act very differently.
det nsubj advmod det xcomp cc conj advmod advmod punct root The DET twins NOUN look VERB superficially ADV the DET same ADJ but CCONJ act VERB very ADV differently ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 twins det 2 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 3 look nsubj 3 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 superficially superficially ADV _ 6 same advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 same det 6 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 3 look xcomp 7 but but CCONJ _ 8 act cc 8 act act VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 look conj 9 very very ADV _ 10 differently advmod 10 differently differently ADV _ 8 act advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present the twins same property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 act present the twins not said here differently property vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 The problem was fixed superficially, so it came back.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct advmod nsubj parataxis advmod punct root The DET problem NOUN was AUX fixed VERB superficially ADV , PUNCT so ADV it PRON came VERB back ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 problem det 2 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 4 fixed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fixed aux:pass 4 fixed fix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 superficially superficially ADV _ 4 fixed advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 came punct 7 so so ADV _ 9 came advmod 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 came nsubj 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fixed parataxis 10 back back ADV _ 9 came advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 fixed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix past · passive the problem superficially property vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient 2 come back past problem vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Superficially, the plan looked good.
advmod punct det nsubj xcomp punct root Superficially ADV , PUNCT the DET plan NOUN looked VERB good ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Superficially superficially ADV _ 5 looked advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Superficially punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 plan det 4 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 5 looked nsubj 5 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 5 looked xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the plan good, superficially property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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