sutra Who acts: sutra, learning, short rule, monks, Buddhists, sutras · What happens: be, learn, say, remember, chant, believe · To what, where: holy teaching, Buddhism, sutra, short rule, that, Hindu · Speech: someone speaks here
«sutra» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sutra in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: religion — kept apart, not parsed.
A sutra is a holy teaching or text in Buddhism or Hinduism, often a sermon of the Buddha or short wise sayings.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det amod cc conj case nmod cc conj punct advmod det conj case det nmod cc amod amod conj punct root A DET sutra NOUN is AUX a DET holy ADJ teaching NOUN or CCONJ text NOUN in ADP Buddhism PROPN or CCONJ Hinduism PROPN , PUNCT often ADV a DET sermon NOUN of ADP the DET Buddha PROPN or CCONJ short ADJ wise ADJ sayings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sutra det 2 sutra sutra NOUN Number=Sing 6 teaching nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 teaching cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 teaching det 5 holy holy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 teaching amod 6 teaching teaching NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 text cc 8 text text NOUN Number=Sing 6 teaching conj 9 in in ADP _ 10 Buddhism case 10 Buddhism Buddhism PROPN Number=Sing 6 teaching nmod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 Hinduism cc 12 Hinduism Hinduism PROPN Number=Sing 10 Buddhism conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 sermon punct 14 often often ADV _ 16 sermon advmod 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 sermon det 16 sermon sermon NOUN Number=Sing 6 teaching conj 17 of of ADP _ 19 Buddha case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 Buddha det 19 Buddha Buddha PROPN Number=Sing 16 sermon nmod 20 or or CCONJ _ 23 sayings cc 21 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 23 sayings amod 22 wise wise ADJ Degree=Pos 23 sayings amod 23 sayings saying NOUN Number=Plur 19 Buddha conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 6 teaching punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sutra a holy teaching or text and a sermon of the Buddha or short wise sayings Buddhism or Hinduism tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In Hindu learning a sutra can also be a short rule or saying that is easy to remember.
The tree, 18 words case obl csubj det obj aux advmod cop det amod nsubj cc conj obj cop mark xcomp punct root In ADP Hindu PROPN learning VERB a DET sutra NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX a DET short ADJ rule NOUN or CCONJ saying VERB that PRON is AUX easy ADJ to PART remember VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Hindu case 2 Hindu Hindu PROPN Number=Sing 16 easy obl 3 learning learn VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 rule csubj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sutra det 5 sutra sutra NOUN Number=Sing 3 learning obj 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 rule aux 7 also also ADV _ 11 rule advmod 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 rule cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 rule det 10 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 11 rule amod 11 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 16 easy nsubj 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 saying cc 13 saying say VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 rule conj 14 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 13 saying obj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 easy cop 16 easy easy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 17 to to PART _ 18 remember mark 18 remember remember VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 easy xcomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 16 easy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn gerund a sutra vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sutra=Topic 2 is a can learning a short rule tree rules 3 say speech: assert gerund learning not said here that vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent that=Topic 4 is present a short rule Hindu easy property tree rules 5 remember to-infinitive a short rule not said here vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The monks chanted a sutra in the temple.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET monks NOUN chanted VERB a DET sutra NOUN in ADP the DET temple NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 monks det 2 monks monk NOUN Number=Plur 3 chanted nsubj 3 chanted chant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sutra det 5 sutra sutra NOUN Number=Sing 3 chanted obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 temple case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 temple det 8 temple temple NOUN Number=Sing 3 chanted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 chanted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chant past the monks a sutra the temple vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sutra=Topic
Example 2 Buddhists believe the sutras record the Buddha's teachings.
nsubj det nsubj ccomp det nmod:poss case obj punct root Buddhists NOUN believe VERB the DET sutras NOUN record VERB the DET Buddha PROPN 's PART teachings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Buddhists buddhist NOUN Number=Plur 2 believe nsubj 2 believe believe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sutras det 4 sutras sutra NOUN Number=Plur 5 record nsubj 5 record record VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 believe ccomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 Buddha det 7 Buddha Buddha PROPN Number=Sing 9 teachings nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 Buddha case 9 teachings teaching NOUN Number=Plur 5 record obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 believe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe present Buddhists vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 record present the sutras the Buddha's teachings vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teaching=Theme 3 teach the Buddha nom teaching «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 The Heart Sutra is very short.
det compound nsubj cop advmod punct root The DET Heart PROPN Sutra PROPN is AUX very ADV short ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Sutra det 2 Heart Heart PROPN Number=Sing 3 Sutra compound 3 Sutra Sutra PROPN Number=Sing 6 short nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 short cop 5 very very ADV _ 6 short advmod 6 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Heart Sutra short property tree rules
Example 4 We learned that «sutra» comes from a Sanskrit word meaning thread.
nsubj mark punct nsubj punct ccomp case det compound obl compound appos punct root We PRON learned VERB that SCONJ « PUNCT sutra NOUN » PUNCT comes VERB from ADP a DET Sanskrit PROPN word NOUN meaning NOUN thread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 learned nsubj 2 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 7 comes mark 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 sutra punct 5 sutra sutra NOUN Number=Sing 7 comes nsubj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 sutra punct 7 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 learned ccomp 8 from from ADP _ 11 word case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 word det 10 Sanskrit Sanskrit PROPN Number=Sing 11 word compound 11 word word NOUN Number=Sing 7 comes obl 12 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 13 thread compound 13 thread thread NOUN Number=Sing 11 word appos 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past We vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come present sutra a Sanskrit word vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial_Location
Example 5 Each sutra was copied by hand onto palm leaves.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case compound obl punct root Each DET sutra NOUN was AUX copied VERB by ADP hand NOUN onto ADP palm NOUN leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 sutra det 2 sutra sutra NOUN Number=Sing 4 copied nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 copied aux:pass 4 copied copy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 hand case 6 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 4 copied obl 7 onto onto ADP _ 9 leaves case 8 palm palm NOUN Number=Sing 9 leaves compound 9 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 4 copied obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 copied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 copy past · passive hand each sutra palm leaves vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme onto leaf=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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