toboggan Who acts: toboggan, We, They, slope, toboggan run, Indigenous peoples · What happens: be, curl, use, slide down, toboggan, mean · To what, where: long narrow sledge, snowy hills, sledge, everyday use, snowy hill, toboggan · Speech: someone speaks here
«toboggan» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: toboggan in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A toboggan is a long, narrow sledge without runners, with a curled-up front, used for sliding down snowy hills; in everyday use it is often any sledge or sled.
The tree, 30 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod case nmod punct case det amod punct compound nmod punct parataxis mark advcl advmod amod obj punct case amod obl nsubj cop advmod det conj cc conj punct root A DET toboggan NOUN is AUX a DET long ADJ , PUNCT narrow ADJ sledge NOUN without ADP runners NOUN , PUNCT with ADP a DET curled VERB - PUNCT up NOUN front NOUN , PUNCT used VERB for SCONJ sliding VERB down ADV snowy ADJ hills NOUN ; PUNCT in ADP everyday ADJ use NOUN it PRON is AUX often ADV any DET sledge NOUN or CCONJ sled NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 toboggan det 2 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 8 sledge nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 sledge cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 sledge det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sledge amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 long punct 7 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sledge amod 8 sledge sledge NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 without without ADP _ 10 runners case 10 runners runner NOUN Number=Plur 8 sledge nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 17 front punct 12 with with ADP _ 17 front case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 front det 14 curled curl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 front amod 15 - - PUNCT _ 14 curled punct 16 up up NOUN Number=Sing 17 front compound 17 front front NOUN Number=Sing 10 runners nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 used punct 19 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 sledge parataxis 20 for for SCONJ _ 21 sliding mark 21 sliding slide VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 19 used advcl 22 down down ADV _ 21 sliding advmod 23 snowy snowy ADJ Degree=Pos 24 hills amod 24 hills hill NOUN Number=Plur 21 sliding obj 25 ; ; PUNCT _ 33 sledge punct 26 in in ADP _ 28 use case 27 everyday everyday ADJ Degree=Pos 28 use amod 28 use use NOUN Number=Sing 33 sledge obl 29 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 33 sledge nsubj 30 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 33 sledge cop 31 often often ADV _ 33 sledge advmod 32 any any DET PronType=Ind 33 sledge det 33 sledge sledge NOUN Number=Sing 8 sledge conj 34 or or CCONJ _ 35 sled cc 35 sled sled NOUN Number=Sing 33 sledge conj 36 . . PUNCT _ 8 sledge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a toboggan a long narrow sledge and any sledge or sled without runners with a curled up front tree rules 2 curl participle vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme 3 use participle vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 slide down gerund snowy hills down property vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Agent 5 is a present toboggan any sledge or sled everyday use often property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To toboggan means to slide down a snowy hill on a toboggan.
mark csubj mark xcomp compound:prt det amod obj case det nmod punct root To PART toboggan VERB means VERB to PART slide VERB down ADP a DET snowy ADJ hill NOUN on ADP a DET toboggan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 toboggan mark 2 toboggan toboggan VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 slide mark 5 slide slide VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 down down ADP _ 5 slide compound:prt 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hill det 8 snowy snowy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 hill amod 9 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 5 slide obj 10 on on ADP _ 12 toboggan case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 toboggan det 12 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 9 hill nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toboggan to-infinitive vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 slide down not said to happen to-infinitive a snowy hill a toboggan vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent hill=Theme on toboggan=Trajectory
Meaning 3 Usage: Canada, some US areas, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A toboggan can also mean a knitted woolly hat (a tuque or beanie) in parts of the southern USA.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj aux advmod det amod amod obj punct det appos cc conj punct case nmod case det amod nmod punct root A DET toboggan NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB a DET knitted VERB woolly ADJ hat NOUN ( PUNCT a DET tuque NOUN or CCONJ beanie NOUN ) PUNCT in ADP parts NOUN of ADP the DET southern ADJ USA PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 toboggan det 2 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 mean aux 4 also also ADV _ 5 mean advmod 5 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hat det 7 knitted knit VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 hat amod 8 woolly woolly ADJ Degree=Pos 9 hat amod 9 hat hat NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean obj 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 tuque punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 tuque det 12 tuque tuque NOUN Number=Sing 9 hat appos 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 beanie cc 14 beanie beanie NOUN Number=Sing 12 tuque conj 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 tuque punct 16 in in ADP _ 17 parts case 17 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 9 hat nmod 18 of of ADP _ 21 USA case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 USA det 20 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 21 USA amod 21 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 17 parts nmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can a toboggan a knitted woolly hat in parts of the southern USA vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot hat=Theme in part=Attribute 2 knit participle vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We took the toboggan to the big hill.
nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root We PRON took VERB the DET toboggan NOUN to ADP the DET big ADJ hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 toboggan det 4 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 to to ADP _ 8 hill case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hill det 7 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hill amod 8 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past We the toboggan the big hill vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent toboggan=Theme to hill=Destination
Example 2 Four of us fitted on the long toboggan.
case nmod acl case det amod obl punct root Four NUM of ADP us PRON fitted VERB on ADP the DET long ADJ toboggan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 2 of of ADP _ 3 us case 3 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Four nmod 4 fitted fit VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Four acl 5 on on ADP _ 8 toboggan case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 toboggan det 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 toboggan amod 8 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 4 fitted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Four punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fit participle the long toboggan vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent on toboggan=Trajectory
Example 3 They tobogganed down the slope screaming with joy.
nsubj compound:prt det obj acl case obl punct root They PRON tobogganed VERB down ADP the DET slope NOUN screaming VERB with ADP joy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tobogganed nsubj 2 tobogganed toboggan VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 down down ADP _ 2 tobogganed compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 slope det 5 slope slope NOUN Number=Sing 2 tobogganed obj 6 screaming scream VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 slope acl 7 with with ADP _ 8 joy case 8 joy joy NOUN Number=Sing 6 screaming obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 tobogganed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toboggan down past They the slope vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme slope=Location 2 scream speech: express gerund the slope not said here with joy vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with joy=Theme
Example 4 The toboggan run was icy and fast.
det compound nsubj cop cc conj punct root The DET toboggan NOUN run NOUN was AUX icy ADJ and CCONJ fast ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 run det 2 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 3 run compound 3 run run NOUN Number=Sing 5 icy nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 icy cop 5 icy icy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 fast cc 7 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 5 icy conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 icy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the toboggan run icy property tree rules 2 be the toboggan run not said here tree rules
Example 5 Indigenous peoples in Canada used toboggans to carry loads over snow.
amod nsubj case nmod obj mark advcl obj case obl punct root Indigenous ADJ peoples NOUN in ADP Canada PROPN used VERB toboggans NOUN to PART carry VERB loads NOUN over ADP snow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 2 peoples amod 2 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 5 used nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 4 Canada case 4 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 2 peoples nmod 5 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 toboggans toboggan NOUN Number=Plur 5 used obj 7 to to PART _ 8 carry mark 8 carry carry VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 used advcl 9 loads load NOUN Number=Plur 8 carry obj 10 over over ADP _ 11 snow case 11 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 8 carry obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past Indigenous peoples in Canada toboggans vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toboggan=Patient 2 carry to-infinitive Indigenous peoples in Canada not said here loads snow vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme
Example 6 Stay away from the road with your toboggan.
advmod case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root Stay VERB away ADV from ADP the DET road NOUN with ADP your PRON toboggan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 away away ADV _ 1 Stay advmod 3 from from ADP _ 5 road case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 road det 5 road road NOUN Number=Sing 2 away obl 6 with with ADP _ 8 toboggan case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 toboggan nmod:poss 8 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 5 road nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay away imperative you not said here away property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 In Tennessee, my cousin calls his woolly hat a toboggan.
case obl punct nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss amod obj det xcomp punct root In ADP Tennessee PROPN , PUNCT my PRON cousin NOUN calls VERB his PRON woolly ADJ hat NOUN a DET toboggan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Tennessee case 2 Tennessee Tennessee PROPN Number=Sing 6 calls obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Tennessee punct 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 cousin nmod:poss 5 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 6 calls nsubj 6 calls call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 hat nmod:poss 8 woolly woolly ADJ Degree=Pos 9 hat amod 9 hat hat NOUN Number=Sing 6 calls obj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 toboggan det 11 toboggan toboggan NOUN Number=Sing 6 calls xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 calls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present my cousin cousin's woolly hat Tennessee vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hat=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous tobacconext → tobogganing↑ back to T in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/toboggan/