torah Who acts: Torah, Jews, God, Torah scroll, rabbi, everyone · What happens: be, believe, give, hold, write, keep · To what, where: first five books, Genesis, Moses, Jewish law, written copy, long scroll · Speech: someone speaks here
«torah» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: torah in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: Judaism — kept apart, not parsed.
The Torah is the first five books of the Hebrew Bible (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy), which Jews believe God gave to Moses; it holds the Jewish law and stories.
The tree, 30 words det nsubj cop det amod nummod case det compound nmod punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct punct obj nsubj parataxis nsubj ccomp case obl punct nsubj conj det amod obj cc conj punct root The DET Torah PROPN is AUX the DET first ADJ five NUM books NOUN of ADP the DET Hebrew PROPN Bible PROPN ( PUNCT Genesis PROPN , PUNCT Exodus PROPN , PUNCT Leviticus PROPN , PUNCT Numbers PROPN , PUNCT Deuteronomy PROPN ) PUNCT , PUNCT which PRON Jews PROPN believe VERB God PROPN gave VERB to ADP Moses PROPN ; PUNCT it PRON holds VERB the DET Jewish ADJ law NOUN and CCONJ stories NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Torah det 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 7 books nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 books cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 books det 5 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 7 books amod 6 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 books nummod 7 books book NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 of of ADP _ 11 Bible case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 Bible det 10 Hebrew Hebrew PROPN Number=Sing 11 Bible compound 11 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 7 books nmod 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 Genesis punct 13 Genesis Genesis PROPN Number=Sing 11 Bible conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 Exodus punct 15 Exodus Exodus PROPN Number=Sing 13 Genesis conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 Leviticus punct 17 Leviticus Leviticus PROPN Number=Sing 13 Genesis conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 Numbers punct 19 Numbers Numbers PROPN Number=Sing 13 Genesis conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 Deuteronomy punct 21 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy PROPN Number=Sing 13 Genesis conj 22 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 Genesis punct 23 , , PUNCT _ 26 believe punct 24 which which PRON PronType=Rel 26 believe obj 25 Jews Jew PROPN Number=Plur 26 believe nsubj 26 believe believe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 Genesis parataxis 27 God God PROPN Number=Sing 28 gave nsubj 28 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 26 believe ccomp 29 to to ADP _ 30 Moses case 30 Moses Moses PROPN Number=Sing 28 gave obl 31 ; ; PUNCT _ 33 holds punct 32 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 33 holds nsubj 33 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 26 believe conj 34 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 36 law det 35 Jewish Jewish ADJ Degree=Pos 36 law amod 36 law law NOUN Number=Sing 33 holds obj 37 and and CCONJ _ 38 stories cc 38 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 36 law conj 39 . . PUNCT _ 7 books punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Torah the first five books of the Hebrew Bible and Genesis and Exodus and Leviticus and Numbers and Deuteronomy tree rules 2 believe present Jews Genesis and Exodus and Leviticus and Numbers and Deuteronomy tree rules 3 give past God Moses vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to moses=Recipient 4 hold present Torah the Jewish law and stories vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A Torah or Torah scroll is a hand-written copy on a long scroll, kept in the ark of a synagogue.
The tree, 21 words det compound cc conj nsubj cop det compound punct amod case det amod nmod punct acl case det obl case det nmod punct root A DET Torah PROPN or CCONJ Torah PROPN scroll NOUN is AUX a DET hand NOUN - PUNCT written VERB copy NOUN on ADP a DET long ADJ scroll NOUN , PUNCT kept VERB in ADP the DET ark NOUN of ADP a DET synagogue NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 scroll det 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 5 scroll compound 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 Torah cc 4 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Torah conj 5 scroll scroll NOUN Number=Sing 11 copy nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 copy cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 copy det 8 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 10 written compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 hand punct 10 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 copy amod 11 copy copy NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 on on ADP _ 15 scroll case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 scroll det 14 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 15 scroll amod 15 scroll scroll NOUN Number=Sing 11 copy nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 kept punct 17 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 copy acl 18 in in ADP _ 20 ark case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 ark det 20 ark ark NOUN Number=Sing 17 kept obl 21 of of ADP _ 23 synagogue case 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 synagogue det 23 synagogue synagogue NOUN Number=Sing 20 ark nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 11 copy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a Torah scroll a written copy a long scroll tree rules 3 keep participle a written copy not said here the ark of a synagogue vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in ark=Location
Meaning 3 Torah can also mean all Jewish teaching.
nsubj aux advmod det amod obj punct root Torah PROPN can AUX also ADV mean VERB all DET Jewish ADJ teaching NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 teaching det 6 Jewish Jewish ADJ Degree=Pos 7 teaching amod 7 teaching teaching NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Torah all Jewish teaching vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teaching=Topic
Example 1 The rabbi lifted the Torah scroll so everyone could see.
det nsubj det compound obj mark nsubj aux advcl punct root The DET rabbi NOUN lifted VERB the DET Torah PROPN scroll NOUN so SCONJ everyone PRON could AUX see VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rabbi det 2 rabbi rabbi NOUN Number=Sing 3 lifted nsubj 3 lifted lift VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 scroll det 5 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 6 scroll compound 6 scroll scroll NOUN Number=Sing 3 lifted obj 7 so so SCONJ _ 10 see mark 8 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 10 see nsubj 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 see aux 10 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 lifted advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 lifted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lift past the rabbi the Torah scroll vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scroll=Theme 2 see could everyone vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 2 The Torah is written in Hebrew by hand.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case obl punct root The DET Torah PROPN is AUX written VERB in ADP Hebrew PROPN by ADP hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Torah det 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 4 written nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 written aux:pass 4 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 Hebrew case 6 Hebrew Hebrew PROPN Number=Sing 4 written obl 7 by by ADP _ 8 hand case 8 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 4 written obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · passive hand the Torah Hebrew vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in hebrew=Destination
Example 3 At his bar mitzvah, Ben read from the Torah.
case nmod:poss compound obl punct nsubj case det obl punct root At ADP his PRON bar NOUN mitzvah NOUN , PUNCT Ben PROPN read VERB from ADP the DET Torah PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 4 mitzvah case 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 mitzvah nmod:poss 3 bar bar NOUN Number=Sing 4 mitzvah compound 4 mitzvah mitzvah NOUN Number=Sing 7 read obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 mitzvah punct 6 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 7 read nsubj 7 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 from from ADP _ 10 Torah case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Torah det 10 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 7 read obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past Ben his bar mitzvah from the Torah vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from torah=Source
Example 4 The Torah is kept in a special cupboard called the ark.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl acl det obj punct root The DET Torah PROPN is AUX kept VERB in ADP a DET special ADJ cupboard NOUN called VERB the DET ark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Torah det 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 4 kept nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 kept aux:pass 4 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 8 cupboard case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 cupboard det 7 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 8 cupboard amod 8 cupboard cupboard NOUN Number=Sing 4 kept obl 9 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 cupboard acl 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 ark det 11 ark ark NOUN Number=Sing 9 called obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present · passive the Torah a special cupboard vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in cupboard=Location 2 call participle a special cupboard not said here the ark vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ark=Recipient
Example 5 A silver pointer helps the reader follow the Torah.
det amod nsubj det obj xcomp det obj punct root A DET silver ADJ pointer NOUN helps VERB the DET reader NOUN follow VERB the DET Torah PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 pointer det 2 silver silver ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pointer amod 3 pointer pointer NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps nsubj 4 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 reader det 6 reader reader NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps obj 7 follow follow VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 helps xcomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Torah det 9 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 7 follow obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present a silver pointer the reader vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent reader=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 follow infinitive the reader not said here the Torah vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent torah=Theme
Example 6 The Torah contains the Ten Commandments.
det nsubj det nummod obj punct root The DET Torah PROPN contains VERB the DET Ten NUM Commandments NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Torah det 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 3 contains nsubj 3 contains contain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Commandments det 5 Ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 Commandments nummod 6 Commandments commandment NOUN Number=Plur 3 contains obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 contains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 contain present the Torah the Ten Commandments vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot commandment=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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