torchlight Who acts: Torchlight, torch, you, We, villagers, shadows · What happens: be, hold, burn, read, flicker, glitter · To what, where: light, torch, battery light, UK, history, comics
«torchlight» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: torchlight in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Torchlight is the light from a torch. In the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand a torch is a battery light you hold (a flashlight in the USA).
Sentence 1: Torchlight is the light from a torch.
nsubj cop det case det nmod punct root Torchlight NOUN is AUX the DET light NOUN from ADP a DET torch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 4 light nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 light cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 light det 4 light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 torch case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 torch det 7 torch torch NOUN Number=Sing 4 light nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Torchlight the light a torch tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: In the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand a torch is a battery light you hold (a flashlight in the USA).
The tree, 21 words case det obl punct conj punct conj cc flat conj det nsubj cop det compound nsubj acl:relcl punct det parataxis case det nmod punct punct root In ADP the DET UK PROPN , PUNCT Ireland PROPN , PUNCT Australia PROPN and CCONJ New PROPN Zealand PROPN a DET torch NOUN is AUX a DET battery NOUN light NOUN you PRON hold VERB ( PUNCT a DET flashlight NOUN in ADP the DET USA PROPN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 UK case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 UK det 3 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 16 light obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Ireland punct 5 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 3 UK conj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 Australia punct 7 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 3 UK conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 Zealand cc 9 New New PROPN Number=Sing 10 Zealand flat 10 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 7 Australia conj 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 torch det 12 torch torch NOUN Number=Sing 16 light nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 light cop 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 light det 15 battery battery NOUN Number=Sing 16 light compound 16 light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 17 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 18 hold nsubj 18 hold hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 light acl:relcl 19 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 flashlight punct 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 flashlight det 21 flashlight flashlight NOUN Number=Sing 16 light parataxis 22 in in ADP _ 24 USA case 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 USA det 24 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 21 flashlight nmod 25 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 flashlight punct 26 . . PUNCT _ 16 light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a torch a battery light the UK and Ireland and Australia and New Zealand tree rules 2 hold present you a battery light not said here vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme
Meaning 2 In history and stories, torchlight is the light of burning sticks or flaming torches.
The tree, 14 words case obl cc conj punct nsubj cop det case amod nmod cc compound conj punct root In ADP history NOUN and CCONJ stories NOUN , PUNCT torchlight NOUN is AUX the DET light NOUN of ADP burning VERB sticks NOUN or CCONJ flaming NOUN torches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 history case 2 history history NOUN Number=Sing 9 light obl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 stories cc 4 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 2 history conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 history punct 6 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 9 light nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 light cop 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 light det 9 light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 12 sticks case 11 burning burn VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 sticks amod 12 sticks stick NOUN Number=Plur 9 light nmod 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 torches cc 14 flaming flaming NOUN Number=Sing 15 torches compound 15 torches torch NOUN Number=Plur 12 sticks conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present torchlight the light history and stories of burning sticks or flaming torches tree rules 2 burn gerund vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 We read comics under the covers by torchlight.
nsubj obj case det obl case obl punct root We PRON read VERB comics NOUN under ADP the DET covers NOUN by ADP torchlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 comics comic NOUN Number=Plur 2 read obj 4 under under ADP _ 6 covers case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 covers det 6 covers cover NOUN Number=Plur 2 read obl 7 by by ADP _ 8 torchlight case 8 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We comics the covers by torchlight vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comic=Topic
Example 2 The castle hall flickered in the torchlight.
det compound acl case det obl punct root The DET castle NOUN hall NOUN flickered VERB in ADP the DET torchlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 hall det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 hall compound 3 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 flickered flicker VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 hall acl 5 in in ADP _ 7 torchlight case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 torchlight det 7 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 4 flickered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 hall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flicker participle the castle hall not said here the torchlight vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in torchlight=Location
Example 3 The cave walls glittered in the torchlight.
det compound acl case det obl punct root The DET cave NOUN walls NOUN glittered VERB in ADP the DET torchlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 walls det 2 cave cave NOUN Number=Sing 3 walls compound 3 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 glittered glitter VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 walls acl 5 in in ADP _ 7 torchlight case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 torchlight det 7 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 4 glittered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 walls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 glitter participle the cave walls not said here the torchlight vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in torchlight=Location
Example 4 The villagers held a torchlight procession.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET villagers NOUN held VERB a DET torchlight NOUN procession NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 villagers det 2 villagers villager NOUN Number=Plur 3 held nsubj 3 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 procession det 5 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 6 procession compound 6 procession procession NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past the villagers a torchlight procession vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent procession=Theme
Example 5 By torchlight, we found the path back to the tent.
case obl punct nsubj det obj advmod case det obl punct root By ADP torchlight NOUN , PUNCT we PRON found VERB the DET path NOUN back ADV to ADP the DET tent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 2 torchlight case 2 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 5 found obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 torchlight punct 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 found nsubj 5 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 path det 7 path path NOUN Number=Sing 5 found obj 8 back back ADV _ 5 found advmod 9 to to ADP _ 11 tent case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 tent det 11 tent tent NOUN Number=Sing 8 back obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past we the path by torchlight vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Topic
Example 6 In the torchlight, the shadows looked like monsters.
case det obl punct det nsubj case obl punct root In ADP the DET torchlight NOUN , PUNCT the DET shadows NOUN looked VERB like ADP monsters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 torchlight case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 torchlight det 3 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 7 looked obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 torchlight punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 shadows det 6 shadows shadow NOUN Number=Plur 7 looked nsubj 7 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 like like ADP _ 9 monsters case 9 monsters monster NOUN Number=Plur 7 looked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the shadows like monsters; in the torchlight vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in torchlight=Theme
Example 7 They took place by torchlight, and were conducted with the greatest solemnity.
nsubj obj case obl punct cc aux:pass conj case det amod obl punct root They PRON took VERB place NOUN by ADP torchlight NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ were AUX conducted VERB with ADP the DET greatest ADJ solemnity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 place place NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 4 by by ADP _ 5 torchlight case 5 torchlight torchlight NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 conducted punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 conducted cc 8 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 conducted aux:pass 9 conducted conduct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 took conj 10 with with ADP _ 13 solemnity case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 solemnity det 12 greatest great ADJ Degree=Sup 13 solemnity amod 13 solemnity solemnity NOUN Number=Sing 9 conducted obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past They place by torchlight vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme 2 conduct past · passive They not said here with the greatest solemnity vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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