touch Who acts: two things, you, sense, us, letter, Her · What happens: put, meet, make, feel, let, touch · To what, where: hand, something, someone, kind feelings, us, things · Speech: someone speaks here
«touch» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: touch in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To put your hand or another part of your body on something.
mark nmod:poss obj cc det conj case nmod:poss nmod case obl punct root To PART put VERB your PRON hand NOUN or CCONJ another DET part NOUN of ADP your PRON body NOUN on ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 put mark 2 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 hand nmod:poss 4 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 2 put obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 part cc 6 another another DET PronType=Ind 7 part det 7 part part NOUN Number=Sing 4 hand conj 8 of of ADP _ 10 body case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 body nmod:poss 10 body body NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nmod 11 on on ADP _ 12 something case 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 put obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put to-infinitive your hand or another part of your body something vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on something=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 When two things meet with no space between them.
mark nummod nsubj case det obl case nmod punct root When SCONJ two NUM things NOUN meet VERB with ADP no DET space NOUN between ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when SCONJ _ 4 meet mark 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 things nummod 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 meet nsubj 4 meet meet VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 space case 6 no no DET PronType=Neg 7 space det 7 space space NOUN Number=Sing 4 meet obl 8 between between ADP _ 9 them case 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 space nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 meet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet present two things with no space between them vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with space=Co-Agent
Meaning 3 To make someone feel kind or sad feelings.
mark advcl obj amod cc conj obj punct root To PART make VERB someone PRON feel VERB kind ADJ or CCONJ sad ADJ feelings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 feel advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 make obj 4 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 8 feelings amod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 sad cc 7 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 5 kind conj 8 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 4 feel obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive you not said here someone vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product 2 feel imperative you not said here kind feelings vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feeling=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Her letter touched me."
punct nmod:poss nsubj obj punct punct root " PUNCT Her PRON letter NOUN touched VERB me PRON . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 touched punct 2 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 letter nmod:poss 3 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 4 touched nsubj 4 touched touch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 touched obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 touched punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 4 touched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 touch in a quote past Her letter me vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme i=Co-Theme 2 letter in a quote Her = she nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 4 As a noun, the sense that lets us feel things with our skin.
The tree, 13 words case det obl punct det nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root As ADP a DET noun NOUN , PUNCT the DET sense NOUN that PRON lets VERB us PRON feel VERB things NOUN with ADP our PRON skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 noun case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 noun det 3 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 6 sense obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 noun punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sense det 6 sense sense NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 lets nsubj 8 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sense acl:relcl 9 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 lets obj 10 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 lets xcomp 11 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 10 feel obj 12 with with ADP _ 14 skin case 13 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 skin nmod:poss 14 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 11 things nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 sense punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let present the sense us tree rules 2 feel infinitive us not said here things with our skin vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
Meaning 5 A small amount.
det amod punct root A DET small ADJ amount NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 amount det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 amount amod 3 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 . . PUNCT _ 3 amount punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a touch of salt".
punct det case nmod punct punct root " PUNCT a DET touch NOUN of ADP salt NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 touch punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 touch det 3 touch touch NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 salt case 5 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 3 touch nmod 6 " " PUNCT _ 3 touch punct 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 touch in a quote salt nom touch «event transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 6 Contact.
punct root Contact NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Contact contact NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 . . PUNCT _ 1 Contact punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"keep in touch".
punct case obl punct punct root " PUNCT keep VERB in ADP touch NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 keep punct 2 keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 touch case 4 touch touch NOUN Number=Sing 2 keep obl 5 " " PUNCT _ 2 keep punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep in a quote imperative you not said here touch vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in touch=Location
Example 1 Don't touch the hot oven.
aux advmod det amod obj punct root Do AUX n't PART touch VERB the DET hot ADJ oven NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 touch aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 touch advmod 3 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 oven det 5 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 6 oven amod 6 oven oven NOUN Number=Sing 3 touch obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch imperative · do-support you not said here the hot oven vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme oven=Co-Theme
Example 2 Touch the leaf and feel how soft it is.
det obj cc conj advmod ccomp nsubj cop punct root Touch VERB the DET leaf NOUN and CCONJ feel VERB how ADV soft ADJ it PRON is AUX . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 leaf det 3 leaf leaf NOUN Number=Sing 1 Touch obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 feel cc 5 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Touch conj 6 how how ADV PronType=Int 7 soft advmod 7 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 5 feel ccomp 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 soft nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 soft cop 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 touch imperative you not said here the leaf vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme leaf=Co-Theme 2 feel infinitive you not said here vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 is present leaf soft property tree rules
Example 3 The two shapes touch at one point.
det nummod nsubj case nummod obl punct root The DET two NUM shapes NOUN touch VERB at ADP one NUM point NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 shapes det 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 shapes nummod 3 shapes shape NOUN Number=Plur 4 touch nsubj 4 touch touch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 at at ADP _ 7 point case 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 point nummod 7 point point NOUN Number=Sing 4 touch obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 touch present the two shapes one point vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 We feel things through our sense of touch.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl case nmod punct root We PRON feel VERB things NOUN through ADP our PRON sense NOUN of ADP touch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 feel nsubj 2 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 2 feel obj 4 through through ADP _ 6 sense case 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 sense nmod:poss 6 sense sense NOUN Number=Sing 2 feel obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 touch case 8 touch touch NOUN Number=Sing 6 sense nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel present We things our sense of touch vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent thing=Theme through sense=Location 2 sense our touch nom sense «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
Example 5 Keep in touch when you move away.
case obl advmod nsubj advcl advmod punct root Keep VERB in ADP touch NOUN when ADV you PRON move VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 in in ADP _ 3 touch case 3 touch touch NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obl 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 move advmod 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 move nsubj 6 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Keep advcl 7 away away ADV _ 6 move advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here touch vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in touch=Location 2 move away present you away property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Never touch a plug with wet hands.
advmod det obj case amod obl punct root Never ADV touch VERB a DET plug NOUN with ADP wet ADJ hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 touch advmod 2 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 plug det 4 plug plug NOUN Number=Sing 2 touch obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 hands case 6 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hands amod 7 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 2 touch obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch imperative you not said here a plug with wet hands vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent plug=Theme with hand=Instrument
Example 7 Her kind words touched my heart.
nmod:poss amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Her PRON kind ADJ words NOUN touched VERB my PRON heart NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 words nmod:poss 2 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 words amod 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 touched nsubj 4 touched touch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 heart nmod:poss 6 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 4 touched obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 touched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 touch past Her kind words my heart vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heart=Co-Theme 2 word Her = she nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 Add a touch of salt.
det obj case nmod punct root Add VERB a DET touch NOUN of ADP salt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 touch det 3 touch touch NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 salt case 5 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 3 touch nmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here a touch of salt vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent touch=Patient 2 touch salt nom touch «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 9 "Do not touch them," said Death.
punct aux advmod ccomp obj punct punct nsubj punct root " PUNCT Do AUX not PART touch VERB them PRON , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB Death PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 touch punct 2 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 touch aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 touch advmod 4 touch touch VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 said ccomp 5 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 touch obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 4 touch punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 4 touch punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 Death Death PROPN Number=Sing 8 said nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch in a quote infinitive · do-support them = they vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme 2 say speech: assert past Death vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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