trade Who acts: Trade, job, I, Ancient ships, Vikings, you · What happens: be, sell, need, trade, carry, want · To what, where: buying, job, skill, single swap, apple, trade
«trade» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: trade in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Trade is the buying and selling of goods between people, shops or countries.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop det cc conj case obl case obl punct conj cc conj punct root Trade NOUN is AUX the DET buying NOUN and CCONJ selling VERB of ADP goods NOUN between ADP people NOUN , PUNCT shops NOUN or CCONJ countries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 4 buying nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 buying cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 buying det 4 buying buying NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 selling cc 6 selling sell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 buying conj 7 of of ADP _ 8 goods case 8 goods goods NOUN Number=Ptan 6 selling obl 9 between between ADP _ 10 people case 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 selling obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 shops punct 12 shops shop NOUN Number=Plur 10 people conj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 countries cc 14 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 10 people conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 buying punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Trade the buying tree rules 2 sell gerund Trade not said here of goods; between people and shops or countries vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To trade is to swap one thing for another.
mark nsubj cop mark nummod obj case obl punct root To PART trade NOUN is AUX to PART swap VERB one NUM thing NOUN for ADP another DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 trade mark 2 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 5 swap nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 swap cop 4 to to PART _ 5 swap mark 5 swap swap VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 thing nummod 7 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 5 swap obj 8 for for ADP _ 9 another case 9 another another DET PronType=Ind 5 swap obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 swap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present trade for another; swap property tree rules
Meaning 3 A trade is a job that needs skill with the hands, like a plumber or electrician.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj case det obl punct case det parataxis cc conj punct root A DET trade NOUN is AUX a DET job NOUN that PRON needs VERB skill NOUN with ADP the DET hands NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET plumber NOUN or CCONJ electrician NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 trade det 2 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 5 job nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 job cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 job det 5 job job NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 needs nsubj 7 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 job acl:relcl 8 skill skill NOUN Number=Sing 7 needs obj 9 with with ADP _ 11 hands case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 hands det 11 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 7 needs obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 plumber punct 13 like like ADP _ 15 plumber case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 plumber det 15 plumber plumber NOUN Number=Sing 7 needs parataxis 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 electrician cc 17 electrician electrician NOUN Number=Sing 15 plumber conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 job punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a trade a job tree rules 2 need present a job skill with the hands vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot skill=Theme
Meaning 4 A trade is a single swap or deal.
det nsubj cop det amod cc conj punct root A DET trade NOUN is AUX a DET single ADJ swap NOUN or CCONJ deal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 trade det 2 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 6 swap nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 swap cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 swap det 5 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 6 swap amod 6 swap swap NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 deal cc 8 deal deal NOUN Number=Sing 6 swap conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 swap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a trade a single swap or deal tree rules
Example 1 I traded my apple for her biscuit.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct root I PRON traded VERB my PRON apple NOUN for ADP her PRON biscuit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 traded nsubj 2 traded trade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 apple nmod:poss 4 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 2 traded obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 biscuit case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 biscuit nmod:poss 7 biscuit biscuit NOUN Number=Sing 2 traded obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 traded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trade past I my apple for her biscuit vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent apple=Theme for biscuit=Co-Theme
Example 2 Ancient ships carried trade across the sea.
amod nsubj obj case det obl punct root Ancient ADJ ships NOUN carried VERB trade NOUN across ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 2 ships amod 2 ships ship NOUN Number=Plur 3 carried nsubj 3 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obj 5 across across ADP _ 7 sea case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sea det 7 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry past Ancient ships trade the sea vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Theme
Example 3 The Vikings traded furs and silver.
det nsubj obj cc conj punct root The DET Vikings PROPN traded VERB furs NOUN and CCONJ silver NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Vikings det 2 Vikings Viking PROPN Number=Plur 3 traded nsubj 3 traded trade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 furs fur NOUN Number=Plur 3 traded obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 silver cc 6 silver silver NOUN Number=Sing 4 furs conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 traded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trade past the Vikings furs and silver vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Theme
Example 4 Do you want to trade cards?
aux nsubj mark xcomp obj punct root Do AUX you PRON want VERB to PART trade VERB cards NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 want aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 want nsubj 3 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 to to PART _ 5 trade mark 5 trade trade VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 want xcomp 6 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 5 trade obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present · do-support you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 trade not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here cards vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme
Example 5 My uncle is a builder by trade.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det case nmod punct root My PRON uncle NOUN is AUX a DET builder NOUN by ADP trade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 uncle nmod:poss 2 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 5 builder nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 builder cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 builder det 5 builder builder NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 by by ADP _ 7 trade case 7 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 5 builder nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 builder punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My uncle a builder by trade tree rules
Example 6 That was a fair trade.
nsubj cop det amod punct root That PRON was AUX a DET fair ADJ trade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 trade nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 trade cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 trade det 4 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos 5 trade amod 5 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 trade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past That a fair trade tree rules
Example 7 Fair trade chocolate gives farmers a better price.
amod compound nsubj iobj det amod obj punct root Fair ADJ trade NOUN chocolate NOUN gives VERB farmers NOUN a DET better ADJ price NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos 3 chocolate amod 2 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 3 chocolate compound 3 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives nsubj 4 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 4 gives iobj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 price det 7 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 price amod 8 price price NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present Fair trade chocolate a better price farmers vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent farmer=Recipient price=Theme
Example 8 Dad traded in his old car for a new one.
nsubj case nmod:poss amod obl case det amod obl punct root Dad NOUN traded VERB in ADP his PRON old ADJ car NOUN for ADP a DET new ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 traded nsubj 2 traded trade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 car case 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 car nmod:poss 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 car amod 6 car car NOUN Number=Sing 2 traded obl 7 for for ADP _ 10 one case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 one det 9 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 10 one amod 10 one one NOUN Number=Sing 2 traded obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 traded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trade past Dad Dad's old car for a new one vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent for one=Co-Theme
Example 9 You yourself asked me my trade.
nsubj nmod iobj nmod:poss obj punct root You PRON yourself PRON asked VERB me PRON my PRON trade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 asked nsubj 2 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 1 You nmod 3 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 asked iobj 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 trade nmod:poss 6 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 3 asked obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past You my trade me tree rules 2 trade my nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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