tramp

Who acts: job, people, insulting word, ship, We, boys · What happens: wander, say, walk, hike, tramp, use · To what, where: place, homeless person, bush, insulting word, word, many boyfriends · Speech: someone speaks here

«tramp» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tramp in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A person with no home or job who wanders from place to place (older word; now people say «homeless person»).

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 home	case
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 home	det
5	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 person	nmod
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 job	cc
7	job	job	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 home	conj
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 wanders	nsubj
9	wanders	wander	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 job	acl:relcl
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 place	case
11	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 wanders	obl
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 place	case
13	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 place	nmod
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	16 word	punct
15	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 word	amod
16	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 place	appos
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 say	punct
18	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	20 say	advmod
19	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 say	nsubj
20	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 person	parataxis
21	«	«	PUNCT	_	23 person	punct
22	homeless	homeless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 person	amod
23	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 say	obj
24	»	»	PUNCT	_	23 person	punct
25	)	)	PUNCT	_	20 say	punct
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 person	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wander	present	job			place to place			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from place=Trajectory
2	say speech: assert	present	people	homeless person			now		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent person=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To walk with heavy, loud steps.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 walk	mark
2	walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	7 steps	case
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 steps	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 heavy	punct
6	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 steps	amod
7	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 walk	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 walk	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	to-infinitive						with heavy loud steps	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 3

A long walk, especially in the countryside.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 walk	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 walk	amod
3	walk	walk	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 countryside	punct
5	especially	especially	ADV	_	8 countryside	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 countryside	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 countryside	det
8	countryside	countryside	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walk	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 walk	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 4

Usage: NZ — kept apart, not parsed.

To hike in the bush or mountains: «tramping».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 hike	mark
2	hike	hike	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 bush	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bush	det
5	bush	bush	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hike	obl
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 mountains	cc
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 bush	conj
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 tramping	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 tramping	punct
10	tramping	tramp	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 hike	advcl
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 tramping	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hike	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hike	to-infinitive				the bush or mountains			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bush=Trajectory
2	tramp in a quote	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 5

Usage: old-fashioned, rude, mainly US — kept apart, not parsed.

An insulting word for a woman, used to say she has many boyfriends — avoid it.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 word	det
2	insulting	insulting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 word	amod
3	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 has	nsubj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 woman	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 woman	det
6	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 word	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 used	punct
8	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 word	acl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 say	mark
10	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 used	xcomp
11	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 say	obj
12	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 boyfriends	amod
14	boyfriends	boyfriend	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 has	obj
15	—	-	PUNCT	_	16 avoid	punct
16	avoid	avoid	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	12 has	parataxis
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 avoid	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	use	participle		a insulting word for a woman not said here	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive		word	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent she=Topic
3	have	present	a insulting word for a woman	many boyfriends	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boyfriend=Patient
4	avoid	infinitive		it	vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent it=Location

Meaning 6

A ship that carries goods to any port, not on a fixed route (tramp steamer).

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ship	det
2	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 carries	nsubj
4	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 ship	acl:relcl
5	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	4 carries	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 port	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 port	det
8	port	port	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 carries	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 route	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 route	advmod
11	on	on	ADP	_	14 route	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 route	det
13	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 route	amod
14	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 port	conj
15	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 steamer	punct
16	tramp	tramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 steamer	compound
17	steamer	steamer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 route	appos
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	17 steamer	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ship	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	a ship	goods		any port and a fixed route			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent goods=Theme to port=Destination
2	fix	participle							vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Example 1

We tramped through the muddy field in our wellies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 tramped	nsubj
2	tramped	tramp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	6 field	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 field	det
5	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 field	amod
6	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tramped	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 wellies	case
8	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wellies	nmod:poss
9	wellies	welly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tramped	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tramped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tramp	past	We			the muddy field		in our wellies	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through field=Trajectory

Example 2

In New Zealand we went tramping on the Tongariro track.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Zealand	case
2	New	New	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Zealand	flat
3	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 went	obl
4	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 went	nsubj
5	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	tramping	tramp	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 went	xcomp
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 track	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 track	det
9	Tongariro	Tongariro	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 track	compound
10	track	track	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tramping	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	we			New Zealand			vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	tramp	gerund	we not said here			the Tongariro track			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on track=Trajectory

Example 3

The boys tramped up the stairs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 boys	det
2	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tramped	nsubj
3	tramped	tramp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 tramped	compound:prt
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stairs	det
6	stairs	stair	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tramped	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tramped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tramp up	past	the boys	the stairs					vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stair=Trajectory

Example 4

An old tramp slept under the bridge in the story.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tramp	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tramp	amod
3	tramp	tramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 slept	nsubj
4	slept	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	under	under	ADP	_	7 bridge	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bridge	det
7	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 slept	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 story	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 story	det
10	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 slept	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 slept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	past	a old tramp			the bridge		in the story	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in story=Location

Example 5

It was a long tramp to the top of the hill.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tramp	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 tramp	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tramp	det
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tramp	amod
5	tramp	tramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 top	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 top	det
8	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tramp	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 hill	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 hill	det
11	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 top	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 tramp	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a long tramp				to the top of the hill	tree rules

Example 6

Kind people gave the tramp a hot meal.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kind	kind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 people	amod
2	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tramp	det
5	tramp	tramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 meal	det
7	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 meal	amod
8	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	Kind people	the tramp					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent tramp=Recipient meal=Theme

Example 7

(NZ) Our class went on a three-day tramp.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 NZ	punct
2	NZ	NZ	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 went	nsubj
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 NZ	punct
4	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 class	nmod:poss
5	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 went	nsubj
6	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	on	on	ADP	_	12 tramp	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 tramp	det
9	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 day	nummod
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 three	punct
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tramp	compound
12	tramp	tramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 went	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	NZ			a day tramp			vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on tramp=Location

Example 8

In the meantime Niels and the others tramped on towards Rome.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 meantime	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meantime	det
3	meantime	meantime	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tramped	obl
4	Niels	Niels	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 tramped	nsubj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 others	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 others	det
7	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 Niels	conj
8	tramped	tramp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 Rome	case
10	towards	towards	ADP	_	11 Rome	case
11	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 tramped	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 tramped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tramp	past	Niels and the others			the meantime		on Rome	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in meantime=Trajectory

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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