truffle Who acts: truffle, rare smelling fungus, Gran, We, Truffles, Trained dogs · What happens: be, cover, smell, grow, eat, give · To what, where: soft round chocolate sweet, rare smelling fungus, tree roots, box, me, chocolate truffles
«truffle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: truffle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A truffle is a soft, round chocolate sweet, often covered in cocoa powder.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod compound punct advmod acl case compound obl punct root A DET truffle NOUN is AUX a DET soft ADJ , PUNCT round ADJ chocolate NOUN sweet NOUN , PUNCT often ADV covered VERB in ADP cocoa NOUN powder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 truffle det 2 truffle truffle NOUN Number=Sing 9 sweet nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 sweet cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 sweet det 5 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sweet amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 soft punct 7 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sweet amod 8 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 9 sweet compound 9 sweet sweet NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 covered punct 11 often often ADV _ 12 covered advmod 12 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 sweet acl 13 in in ADP _ 15 powder case 14 cocoa cocoa NOUN Number=Sing 15 powder compound 15 powder powder NOUN Number=Sing 12 covered obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 sweet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a truffle a soft round chocolate sweet tree rules 2 cover participle a soft round chocolate sweet not said here in cocoa powder; often property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in powder=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A truffle is a rare, strong-smelling fungus that grows underground near tree roots and is very expensive to eat.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct amod nsubj acl:relcl advmod case compound obl cc cop advmod conj mark xcomp punct root A DET truffle NOUN is AUX a DET rare ADJ , PUNCT strong ADJ - PUNCT smelling VERB fungus NOUN that PRON grows VERB underground ADV near ADP tree NOUN roots NOUN and CCONJ is AUX very ADV expensive ADJ to PART eat VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 truffle det 2 truffle truffle NOUN Number=Sing 10 fungus nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 fungus cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fungus det 5 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 10 fungus amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 rare punct 7 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 9 smelling amod 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 strong punct 9 smelling smell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 fungus amod 10 fungus fungus NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 grows nsubj 12 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 fungus acl:relcl 13 underground underground ADV _ 12 grows advmod 14 near near ADP _ 16 roots case 15 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 16 roots compound 16 roots root NOUN Number=Plur 12 grows obl 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 expensive cc 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 expensive cop 19 very very ADV _ 20 expensive advmod 20 expensive expensive ADJ Degree=Pos 12 grows conj 21 to to PART _ 22 eat mark 22 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 20 expensive xcomp 23 . . PUNCT _ 10 fungus punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell gerund vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present a truffle a rare smelling fungus tree rules 3 grow present a rare smelling fungus tree roots underground property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near root=Location 4 is present a rare smelling fungus not said here expensive property tree rules 5 eat to-infinitive a rare smelling fungus not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Gran gave me a box of chocolate truffles.
nsubj iobj det obj case compound nmod punct root Gran PROPN gave VERB me PRON a DET box NOUN of ADP chocolate NOUN truffles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gran Gran PROPN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 box det 5 box box NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 truffles case 7 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 8 truffles compound 8 truffles truffle NOUN Number=Plur 5 box nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Gran a box of chocolate truffles me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient box=Theme
Example 2 We rolled chocolate truffles in cocoa powder.
nsubj compound obj case compound obl punct root We PRON rolled VERB chocolate NOUN truffles NOUN in ADP cocoa NOUN powder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 rolled nsubj 2 rolled roll VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 4 truffles compound 4 truffles truffle NOUN Number=Plur 2 rolled obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 powder case 6 cocoa cocoa NOUN Number=Sing 7 powder compound 7 powder powder NOUN Number=Sing 2 rolled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 rolled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 roll past We chocolate truffles cocoa powder vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent truffle=Theme in powder=Trajectory
Example 3 Truffles grow underground near oak trees.
nsubj advmod case compound obl punct root Truffles NOUN grow VERB underground ADV near ADP oak NOUN trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Truffles truffle NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow nsubj 2 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 underground underground ADV _ 2 grow advmod 4 near near ADP _ 6 trees case 5 oak oak NOUN Number=Sing 6 trees compound 6 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Truffles oak trees underground property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near tree=Location
Example 4 Trained dogs sniff out truffles in the forest.
amod nsubj compound:prt obj case det obl punct root Trained VERB dogs NOUN sniff VERB out ADP truffles NOUN in ADP the DET forest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Trained train VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 dogs amod 2 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 3 sniff nsubj 3 sniff sniff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 sniff compound:prt 5 truffles truffle NOUN Number=Plur 3 sniff obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 forest case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 forest det 8 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 sniff obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 sniff punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 train participle vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 sniff out present Trained dogs truffles the forest vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truffle=Theme
Example 5 Some truffles cost more than gold by weight.
det nsubj obj case obl case obl punct root Some DET truffles NOUN cost VERB more ADJ than ADP gold NOUN by ADP weight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 truffles det 2 truffles truffle NOUN Number=Plur 3 cost nsubj 3 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 cost obj 5 than than ADP _ 6 gold case 6 gold gold NOUN Number=Sing 4 more obl 7 by by ADP _ 8 weight case 8 weight weight NOUN Number=Sing 3 cost obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present some truffles more by weight vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value
Example 6 Truffle oil smells very strong.
compound nsubj advmod xcomp punct root Truffle NOUN oil NOUN smells VERB very ADV strong ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Truffle truffle NOUN Number=Sing 2 oil compound 2 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 3 smells nsubj 3 smells smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 very very ADV _ 5 strong advmod 5 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 3 smells xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 smells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell present Truffle oil strong property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 7 A truffle is a fungus, like a mushroom, but it grows under the soil.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det punct case det conj punct cc nsubj parataxis case det obl punct root A DET truffle NOUN is AUX a DET fungus NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET mushroom NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ it PRON grows VERB under ADP the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 truffle det 2 truffle truffle NOUN Number=Sing 5 fungus nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fungus cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fungus det 5 fungus fungus NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 mushroom punct 7 like like ADP _ 9 mushroom case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mushroom det 9 mushroom mushroom NOUN Number=Sing 5 fungus conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 grows punct 11 but but CCONJ _ 13 grows cc 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 grows nsubj 13 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fungus parataxis 14 under under ADP _ 16 soil case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 soil det 16 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 13 grows obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 fungus punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a truffle a fungus and a mushroom tree rules 2 grow present truffle the soil vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under soil=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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