ulcer Who acts: ulcer, it, mouth ulcer, I, orange juice, Mouth ulcers · What happens: be, break down, heal, hurt, have, sting · To what, where: sore place, skin, surface, small painful spot, mouth, mouth ulcer
«ulcer» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ulcer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An ulcer is a sore place on the skin or inside the body where the surface has broken down; it is slow to heal and can hurt.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod cc case det conj advmod det nsubj:pass aux acl:relcl compound:prt punct nsubj cop conj mark xcomp cc aux conj punct root An DET ulcer NOUN is AUX a DET sore ADJ place NOUN on ADP the DET skin NOUN or CCONJ inside ADP the DET body NOUN where ADV the DET surface NOUN has AUX broken VERB down ADP ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX slow ADJ to PART heal VERB and CCONJ can AUX hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ulcer det 2 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 6 place nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 place cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 place det 5 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos 6 place amod 6 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 on on ADP _ 9 skin case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 skin det 9 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 6 place nmod 10 or or CCONJ _ 13 body cc 11 inside inside ADP _ 13 body case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 body det 13 body body NOUN Number=Sing 9 skin conj 14 where where ADV PronType=Rel 18 broken advmod 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 surface det 16 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 18 broken nsubj:pass 17 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 broken aux 18 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 body acl:relcl 19 down down ADP _ 18 broken compound:prt 20 ; ; PUNCT _ 23 slow punct 21 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 slow nsubj 22 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 slow cop 23 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 6 place conj 24 to to PART _ 25 heal mark 25 heal heal VERB VerbForm=Inf 23 slow xcomp 26 and and CCONJ _ 28 hurt cc 27 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 28 hurt aux 28 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 25 heal conj 29 . . PUNCT _ 6 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ulcer a sore place the skin or the body tree rules 2 break down present · perfect · passive the surface vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 3 is present it slow property tree rules 4 heal to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 5 hurt can vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A mouth ulcer is a small, painful white or yellow spot inside your mouth.
The tree, 14 words det compound nsubj cop det amod punct amod conj cc conj case nmod:poss nmod punct root A DET mouth NOUN ulcer NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ , PUNCT painful ADJ white ADJ or CCONJ yellow ADJ spot NOUN inside ADP your PRON mouth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 ulcer det 2 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 3 ulcer compound 3 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 12 spot nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 spot cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 spot det 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 12 spot amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 small punct 8 painful painful ADJ Degree=Pos 12 spot amod 9 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 8 painful conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 yellow cc 11 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 8 painful conj 12 spot spot NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 inside inside ADP _ 15 mouth case 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 mouth nmod:poss 15 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 12 spot nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 12 spot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a mouth ulcer a small painful spot your mouth tree rules
Meaning 3 A stomach ulcer is a sore in the lining of the stomach.
det compound nsubj aux det case det obl case det nmod punct root A DET stomach NOUN ulcer NOUN is AUX a DET sore ADJ in ADP the DET lining NOUN of ADP the DET stomach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 ulcer det 2 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 3 ulcer compound 3 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 6 sore nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sore aux 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sore det 6 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 lining case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lining det 9 lining lining NOUN Number=Sing 6 sore obl 10 of of ADP _ 12 stomach case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 stomach det 12 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 9 lining nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 sore punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 I have a mouth ulcer, so orange juice really stings.
nsubj det compound obj punct advmod amod nsubj advmod conj punct root I PRON have VERB a DET mouth NOUN ulcer NOUN , PUNCT so ADV orange ADJ juice NOUN really ADV stings VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ulcer det 4 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 5 ulcer compound 5 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 stings punct 7 so so ADV _ 11 stings advmod 8 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos 9 juice amod 9 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 11 stings nsubj 10 really really ADV _ 11 stings advmod 11 stings sting VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 have conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present I a mouth ulcer vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ulcer=Patient 2 sting present orange juice vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus
Example 2 Mouth ulcers usually heal on their own in a week or two.
compound nsubj advmod case nmod:poss obl case det obl cc conj punct root Mouth NOUN ulcers NOUN usually ADV heal VERB on ADP their PRON own ADJ in ADP a DET week NOUN or CCONJ two NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 2 ulcers compound 2 ulcers ulcer NOUN Number=Plur 4 heal nsubj 3 usually usually ADV _ 4 heal advmod 4 heal heal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 own case 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 own nmod:poss 7 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 4 heal obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 week case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 week det 10 week week NOUN Number=Sing 4 heal obl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 two cc 12 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 week conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 heal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 heal present Mouth ulcers ulcers's own week usually property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Grandad's doctor treated his stomach ulcer with medicine.
nmod:poss case nsubj nmod:poss compound obj case obl punct root Grandad PROPN 's PART doctor NOUN treated VERB his PRON stomach NOUN ulcer NOUN with ADP medicine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 3 doctor nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandad case 3 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 4 treated nsubj 4 treated treat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 ulcer nmod:poss 6 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 7 ulcer compound 7 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 4 treated obj 8 with with ADP _ 9 medicine case 9 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 4 treated obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 treated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 treat past Grandad's doctor doctor's stomach ulcer with medicine vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent ulcer=Recipient with medicine=Theme
Example 4 The nurse put a dressing on the ulcer on Gran's leg.
det nsubj det obj case det obl case nmod:poss case obl punct root The DET nurse NOUN put VERB a DET dressing NOUN on ADP the DET ulcer NOUN on ADP Gran PROPN 's PART leg NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 nurse det 2 nurse nurse NOUN Number=Sing 3 put nsubj 3 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 dressing det 5 dressing dressing NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 ulcer case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 ulcer det 8 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obl 9 on on ADP _ 12 leg case 10 Gran Gran PROPN Number=Sing 12 leg nmod:poss 11 's 's PART _ 10 Gran case 12 leg leg NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past the nurse a dressing the ulcer on Gran's leg vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent dressing=Theme on ulcer=Destination
Example 5 Biting your cheek by accident can cause an ulcer.
csubj nmod:poss obj case obl aux det obj punct root Biting VERB your PRON cheek NOUN by ADP accident NOUN can AUX cause VERB an DET ulcer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Biting bite VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 cause csubj 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 cheek nmod:poss 3 cheek cheek NOUN Number=Sing 1 Biting obj 4 by by ADP _ 5 accident case 5 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 1 Biting obl 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 cause aux 7 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 ulcer det 9 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 7 cause obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bite gerund your cheek by accident vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cheek=Patient by accident=Location 2 cause can Biting a ulcer vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition ulcer=Patient
Example 6 Salty crisps make my ulcer hurt.
amod nsubj nmod:poss nsubj ccomp punct root Salty ADJ crisps NOUN make VERB my PRON ulcer NOUN hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 2 crisps amod 2 crisps crisp NOUN Number=Plur 3 make nsubj 3 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 ulcer nmod:poss 5 ulcer ulcer NOUN Number=Sing 6 hurt nsubj 6 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 make ccomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Salty crisps tree rules 2 hurt past my ulcer vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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