understood Who acts: Understood past, I, you, She, friend, He · What happens: understand, be, know, get, mean, agree · To what, where: Understood past, meaning, something, it, own, question · Speech: someone speaks here
«understood» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: understood in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Understood is the past of «understand»: knew or got the meaning of something.
The tree, 13 words amod cop det nsubj mark punct acl punct punct cc conj det obj case nmod punct root Understood VERB is AUX the DET past NOUN of SCONJ « PUNCT understand VERB » PUNCT : PUNCT knew VERB or CCONJ got VERB the DET meaning NOUN of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Understood understand VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 past amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 past cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 past det 4 past past NOUN Number=Sing 10 knew nsubj 5 of of SCONJ _ 7 understand mark 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 understand punct 7 understand understand VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 past acl 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 understand punct 9 : : PUNCT _ 10 knew punct 10 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 got cc 12 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 knew conj 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 meaning det 14 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 12 got obj 15 of of ADP _ 16 something case 16 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 meaning nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 10 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand participle vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is a present the Understood past tree rules 3 understand in a quote infinitive the Understood past not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 know past the Understood past vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 5 get past the Understood past not said here the meaning of something vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer meaning=Stimulus 6 mean something nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Understood means known or agreed without being said: «it is understood that…».
The tree, 12 words nsubj ccomp cc conj mark aux:pass xcomp punct punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis obj punct punct punct root Understood VERB means VERB known VERB or CCONJ agreed VERB without SCONJ being AUX said VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT it PRON is AUX understood VERB that PRON … PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Understood understand VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 agreed cc 5 agreed agree VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 known conj 6 without without SCONJ _ 8 said mark 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 said aux:pass 8 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 agreed xcomp 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 understood punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 13 understood punct 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 understood nsubj:pass 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 understood aux:pass 13 understood understand VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means parataxis 14 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 13 understood obj 15 … . PUNCT _ 13 understood punct 16 » » PUNCT _ 13 understood punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand participle vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 know participle vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 agree speech: agree participle vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 say speech: assert not said to happen gerund · passive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S» 6 understand in a quote present · passive it tree rules
Meaning 3 «Understood» on its own means «I understand and I will do it».
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj punct case nmod:poss obl punct nsubj ccomp cc nsubj aux conj obj punct punct root « PUNCT Understood VERB » PUNCT on ADP its PRON own ADJ means VERB « PUNCT I PRON understand VERB and CCONJ I PRON will AUX do VERB it PRON » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Understood punct 2 Understood understand VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Understood punct 4 on on ADP _ 6 own case 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 own nmod:poss 6 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Understood obl 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 understand punct 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 understand nsubj 10 understand understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 means ccomp 11 and and CCONJ _ 14 do cc 12 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 do nsubj 13 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 do aux 14 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 understand conj 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 do obj 16 » » PUNCT _ 14 do punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand in a quote participle its own vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 understand in a quote present I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 do in a quote future I it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Example 1 I understood the question the second time.
nsubj det obj det amod obl:unmarked punct root I PRON understood VERB the DET question NOUN the DET second ADJ time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 understood nsubj 2 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 question det 4 question question NOUN Number=Sing 2 understood obj 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 time det 6 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 7 time amod 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 understood obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand past I the question time vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer question=Stimulus
Example 2 Have you all understood the instructions?
aux nsubj nmod:unmarked det obj punct root Have AUX you PRON all DET understood VERB the DET instructions NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 understood aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 understood nsubj 3 all all DET PronType=Tot 2 you nmod:unmarked 4 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 instructions det 6 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 4 understood obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand present you the instructions vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer instruction=Stimulus
Example 3 She finally understood why her friend was sad.
nsubj advmod advmod nmod:poss nsubj cop advcl punct root She PRON finally ADV understood VERB why ADV her PRON friend NOUN was AUX sad ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 understood nsubj 2 finally finally ADV _ 3 understood advmod 3 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 why why ADV PronType=Int 8 sad advmod 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 friend nmod:poss 6 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 8 sad nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 sad cop 8 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 understood advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand past She finally property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is past her friend sad property tree rules
Example 4 «Be home by six.» «Understood.»
Sentence 1: «Be home by six.»
punct cop case obl punct punct root « PUNCT Be AUX home ADV by ADP six NUM . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 home punct 2 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 home cop 3 home home ADV _ root root 4 by by ADP _ 5 six case 5 six six NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 home obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 home punct 7 » » PUNCT _ 3 home punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote imperative you not said here by six; home property tree rules
Sentence 2: «Understood.»
punct punct punct root « PUNCT Understood INTJ . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Understood punct 2 Understood understood INTJ _ root root 3 . . PUNCT _ 2 Understood punct 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Understood punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 He made himself understood with hand signals.
nsubj obj xcomp case compound obl punct root He PRON made VERB himself PRON understood VERB with ADP hand NOUN signals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 made obj 4 understood understand VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 made xcomp 5 with with ADP _ 7 signals case 6 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 7 signals compound 7 signals signal NOUN Number=Plur 4 understood obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past He himself = he tree rules 2 understand participle himself = he not said here with hand signals vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 Nobody understood the joke.
nsubj det obj punct root Nobody PRON understood VERB the DET joke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 understood nsubj 2 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 joke det 4 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 2 understood obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand past Nobody the joke vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer joke=Stimulus
Example 7 It is understood that phones stay in bags.
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark nsubj advcl case obl punct root It PRON is AUX understood VERB that SCONJ phones NOUN stay VERB in ADP bags NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 understood nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 understood aux:pass 3 understood understand VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 6 stay mark 5 phones phone NOUN Number=Plur 6 stay nsubj 6 stay stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 understood advcl 7 in in ADP _ 8 bags case 8 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 6 stay obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand present · passive It vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus 2 stay present phones bags vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bag=Location
Example 8 He understood the gypsy woman's meaning now.
nsubj det amod nmod:poss case obj advmod punct root He PRON understood VERB the DET gypsy ADJ woman NOUN 's PART meaning NOUN now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 understood nsubj 2 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 woman det 4 gypsy gypsy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 woman amod 5 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 7 meaning nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 woman case 7 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 2 understood obj 8 now now ADV PronType=Dem 2 understood advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 understood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand past He the gypsy woman's meaning now vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer meaning=Stimulus 2 mean the gypsy woman nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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