welding Who acts: pieces, Welding, He, things, uncle, welder · What happens: join, heat, melt, flow, let, cool · To what, where: two pieces, pieces, little, one piece, ing form, gate · Speech: someone speaks here
«welding» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: welding in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Joining two pieces of metal (or plastic) by heating them until they melt a little and flow together, then letting them cool into one piece.
The tree, 25 words nummod obj case nmod punct cc appos punct mark advcl obj mark nsubj advcl det obl:unmarked cc conj advmod punct advmod conj obj xcomp case nummod obl punct root Joining VERB two NUM pieces NOUN of ADP metal NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ plastic NOUN ) PUNCT by SCONJ heating VERB them PRON until SCONJ they PRON melt VERB a DET little ADJ and CCONJ flow VERB together ADV , PUNCT then ADV letting VERB them PRON cool VERB into ADP one NUM piece NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Joining join VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 pieces nummod 3 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 1 Joining obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 metal case 5 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 3 pieces nmod 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 plastic punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 plastic cc 8 plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 5 metal appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 plastic punct 10 by by SCONJ _ 11 heating mark 11 heating heat VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Joining advcl 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 heating obj 13 until until SCONJ _ 15 melt mark 14 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 melt nsubj 15 melt melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 heating advcl 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 little det 17 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 15 melt obl:unmarked 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 flow cc 19 flow flow VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 melt conj 20 together together ADV _ 19 flow advmod 21 , , PUNCT _ 23 letting punct 22 then then ADV PronType=Dem 23 letting advmod 23 letting let VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Joining conj 24 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 letting obj 25 cool cool VERB VerbForm=Inf 23 letting xcomp 26 into into ADP _ 28 piece case 27 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 28 piece nummod 28 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 25 cool obl 29 . . PUNCT _ 1 Joining punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join gerund two pieces of metal vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Patient 2 heat gerund pieces = piece vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient 3 melt present pieces = piece a little vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 flow infinitive pieces = piece not said here together property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 let gerund pieces = piece then tree rules 6 cool infinitive pieces = piece not said here one piece vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 «Welding» is also the -ing form of «weld»: «He is welding the gate».
The tree, 13 words punct nsubj punct cop advmod det punct compound case punct nmod punct punct punct nsubj aux acl det obj punct punct root « PUNCT Welding NOUN » PUNCT is AUX also ADV the DET - PUNCT ing NOUN form NOUN of ADP « PUNCT weld NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON is AUX welding VERB the DET gate NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Welding punct 2 Welding welding NOUN Number=Sing 9 form nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Welding punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 form cop 5 also also ADV _ 9 form advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 form det 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 the punct 8 ing ing NOUN Number=Sing 9 form compound 9 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 12 weld case 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 weld punct 12 weld weld NOUN Number=Sing 9 form nmod 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 weld punct 14 : : PUNCT _ 18 welding punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 18 welding punct 16 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 welding nsubj 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 welding aux 18 welding weld VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 form acl 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 gate det 20 gate gate NOUN Number=Sing 18 welding obj 21 » » PUNCT _ 18 welding punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 9 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Welding the ing form of weld tree rules 2 weld in a quote present · progressive He the gate vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Patient
Meaning 3 The job or trade of a welder.
det cc conj case det nmod punct root The DET job NOUN or CCONJ trade NOUN of ADP a DET welder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 job det 2 job job NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 trade cc 4 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 2 job conj 5 of of ADP _ 7 welder case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 welder det 7 welder welder NOUN Number=Sing 4 trade nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 job punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trade a welder nom trade «act transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 4 Welding can also mean joining two things so closely that they become one whole.
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux advmod xcomp nummod obj advmod advmod mark nsubj advcl xcomp amod punct root Welding NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB joining VERB two NUM things NOUN so ADV closely ADV that SCONJ they PRON become VERB one NUM whole ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Welding welding NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 joining join VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 mean xcomp 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 things nummod 7 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 5 joining obj 8 so so ADV _ 9 closely advmod 9 closely closely ADV _ 5 joining advmod 10 that that SCONJ _ 12 become mark 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 become nsubj 12 become become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 closely advcl 13 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 become xcomp 14 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 13 one amod 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Welding vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 join not said to happen gerund Welding not said here two things closely property vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient 3 become present things = thing vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 1 My uncle does welding at the shipyard.
nmod:poss nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root My PRON uncle NOUN does VERB welding VERB at ADP the DET shipyard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 uncle nmod:poss 2 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 3 does nsubj 3 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 welding weld VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 does xcomp 5 at at ADP _ 7 shipyard case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shipyard det 7 shipyard shipyard NOUN Number=Sing 4 welding obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present My uncle tree rules 2 weld gerund My uncle not said here the shipyard vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 2 The welder wore a dark mask to protect her eyes from the bright light.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj det amod obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj case det amod obl punct root The DET welder NOUN wore VERB a DET dark ADJ mask NOUN to PART protect VERB her PRON eyes NOUN from ADP the DET bright ADJ light NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 welder det 2 welder welder NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 mask det 5 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 6 mask amod 6 mask mask NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obj 7 to to PART _ 8 protect mark 8 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 wore advcl 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 eyes nmod:poss 10 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 8 protect obj 11 from from ADP _ 14 light case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 light det 13 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 14 light amod 14 light light NOUN Number=Sing 8 protect obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the welder a dark mask vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent mask=Theme 2 protect to-infinitive the welder not said here welder's eyes from the bright light vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Beneficiary from light=Theme
Example 3 They are welding the broken gate back together.
nsubj aux det amod obj advmod advmod punct root They PRON are AUX welding VERB the DET broken VERB gate NOUN back ADV together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 welding nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 welding aux 3 welding weld VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 gate det 5 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 gate amod 6 gate gate NOUN Number=Sing 3 welding obj 7 back back ADV _ 8 together advmod 8 together together ADV _ 3 welding advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 welding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weld present · progressive They the broken gate together property vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Patient 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 Sparks flew from the welding torch.
nsubj case det compound obl punct root Sparks NOUN flew VERB from ADP the DET welding NOUN torch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sparks spark NOUN Number=Plur 2 flew nsubj 2 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 6 torch case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 torch det 5 welding welding NOUN Number=Sing 6 torch compound 6 torch torch NOUN Number=Sing 2 flew obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past Sparks the welding torch vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from torch=Trajectory
Example 5 Never stare at welding light, because it can hurt your eyes.
advmod mark advcl obj punct mark nsubj aux conj nmod:poss obj punct root Never ADV stare VERB at SCONJ welding VERB light NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ it PRON can AUX hurt VERB your PRON eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 stare advmod 2 stare stare VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at SCONJ _ 4 welding mark 4 welding weld VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 stare advcl 5 light light NOUN Number=Sing 4 welding obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 hurt punct 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 hurt mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 hurt nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 hurt aux 10 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 stare conj 11 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 eyes nmod:poss 12 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 10 hurt obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 stare punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not stare imperative you not said here vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 weld gerund you not said here light vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient 3 hurt can light your eyes vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eye=Patient
Example 6 The steel beams of the bridge were joined by welding.
det compound nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass mark advcl punct root The DET steel NOUN beams NOUN of ADP the DET bridge NOUN were AUX joined VERB by SCONJ welding VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 beams det 2 steel steel NOUN Number=Sing 3 beams compound 3 beams beam NOUN Number=Plur 8 joined nsubj:pass 4 of of ADP _ 6 bridge case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bridge det 6 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 3 beams nmod 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 joined aux:pass 8 joined join VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 by by SCONJ _ 10 welding mark 10 welding weld VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 joined advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 joined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join past · passive the steel beams of the bridge vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 weld gerund vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 3 beam the bridge nom beam «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 7 At the school fair a robot showed how car welding works.
case det obl det nsubj ccomp advmod compound nsubj ccomp punct root At ADP the DET school NOUN fair VERB a DET robot NOUN showed VERB how ADV car NOUN welding NOUN works VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 3 school case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 school det 3 school school NOUN Number=Sing 4 fair obl 4 fair fair VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 robot det 6 robot robot NOUN Number=Sing 7 showed nsubj 7 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fair ccomp 8 how how ADV PronType=Int 11 works advmod 9 car car NOUN Number=Sing 10 welding compound 10 welding welding NOUN Number=Sing 11 works nsubj 11 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 showed ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 fair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fair present the school tree rules 2 show past a robot vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 work present car welding vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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