1 Chronicles 10:4 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א

Who acts: Saul, uncircumcised · What happens: say, draw, thrust, come, make, be · To what, where: sword, me, mock · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Chronicles 10:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, uncircumcised — and what happens in the verse to sword, me, mock, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ אֶל־נֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ ׀ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־יָבֹ֜אוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑דס וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ׃

Then said Saul unto his armour-bearer: 'Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and make a mock of me.' But his armour-bearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took his sword, and fell upon it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	שָׁאוּל֩	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Saul
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 נֹשֵׂ֨א	case	to
5	נֹשֵׂ֨א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	advcl	the bearer
6	כֵלָ֜י	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 נֹשֵׂ֨א	compound:smixut	his armor(s)
7	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 כֵלָ֜י	nmod:poss	his
8	שְׁלֹ֥ף	שָׁלַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	draw
9	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 שְׁלֹ֥ף	obj	sword
10	ְךָ֣	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	your
11	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	10 ְךָ֣	punct
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 דָקְר	cc	and
13	דָקְר	דָּקַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	8 שְׁלֹ֥ף	conj	pierce
14	ֵ֣נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 דָקְר	obj	me through
15	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	16 ָ֗הּ	case	with
16	ָ֗הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 דָקְר	obl	it
17	פֶּן־	פֶּן	SCONJ	_	18 יָבֹ֜אוּ	mark	lest
18	יָבֹ֜אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	8 שְׁלֹ֥ף	advcl	they should come
19	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 עֲרֵלִ֤ים	det	the uncircumcised
20	עֲרֵלִ֤ים	עָרֵל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 יָבֹ֜אוּ	nsubj	[men]
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אֵ֙לֶּה֙	det	(the)
22	אֵ֙לֶּה֙	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	20 עֲרֵלִ֤ים	det	these
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 הִתְעַלְּלוּ־	cc	and
24	הִתְעַלְּלוּ־	עָלַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=3	8 שְׁלֹ֥ף	conj	they will deal wantonly
25	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	26 ִ֔י	case	with
26	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 הִתְעַלְּלוּ־	obl	me
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 אָבָה֙	cc	and
28	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	29 אָבָה֙	advmod	not
29	אָבָה֙	אָבָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 שְׁלֹ֥ף	conj	he was willing
30	נֹשֵׂ֣א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	29 אָבָה֙	nsubj	the bearer
31	כֵלָ֔י	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	30 נֹשֵׂ֣א	compound:smixut	his armor(s)
32	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 כֵלָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
33	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	34 יָרֵ֖א	mark	(dm)
34	יָרֵ֖א	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 שְׁלֹ֥ף	advcl	he was afraid
35	מְאֹ֑ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	34 יָרֵ֖א	advmod	exceedingly
36	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	35 מְאֹ֑ד	punct
37	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	38 יִּקַּ֤ח	cc	and
38	יִּקַּ֤ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	he took
39	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	38 יִּקַּ֤ח	nsubj	Saul
40	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	42 חֶ֔רֶב	case	(et)
41	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	42 חֶ֔רֶב	det	the
42	חֶ֔רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	38 יִּקַּ֤ח	obj	sword
43	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	44 יִּפֹּ֖ל	cc	and
44	יִּפֹּ֖ל	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	he fell
45	עָלֶֽי	עַל	ADP	_	46 הָ	case	on
46	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 יִּפֹּ֖ל	obl	it
47	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	46 הָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
נֹשֵׂא the bearer	participle active · qal		כֵלָי his armor(s)
שְׁלֹף draw	imperative · qal	נֹשֵׂא the bearer	חַרְבּ sword
דָקְר pierce	imperative · qal	נֹשֵׂא the bearer	ֵנִי me through
יָבֹאוּ they should come	yiqtol · qal	עֲרֵלִים [men]
הִתְעַלְּלוּ־ they will deal wantonly	weqatal · hithpael	עֲרֵלִים [men]
not אָבָה he was willing	qatal · qal	נֹשֵׂא the bearer
נֹשֵׂא the bearer	participle active · qal		כֵלָי his armor(s)
יָרֵא he was afraid	qatal · qal	נֹשֵׂא the bearer
יִּקַּח he took	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶת־ (et)	יִּפֹּל he fell
יִּפֹּל he fell	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶת־ (et)

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1CH:410.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.10.4/