1 Chronicles 19:2 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א

Who acts: David, l, father, servants · What happens: say, show, send, comfort, come · To what, where: kindness, me, messengers, Nahash, Hanun, land · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Chronicles 19:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, l, father, servants — and what happens in the verse to kindness, me, messengers, Nahash, Hanun, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜יד אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־חֶ֣סֶד ׀ עִם־חָנ֣וּן בֶּן־נָחָ֗שׁ כִּֽי־עָשָׂ֨ה אָבִ֤יו עִמִּי֙ חֶ֔סֶד וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח דָּוִ֛יד מַלְאָכִ֖ים לְנַחֲמ֣וֹ עַל־אָבִ֑יו וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ עַבְדֵ֨י דָוִ֜יד אֶל־אֶ֧רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֛וֹן אֶל־חָנ֖וּן לְנַחֲמֽוֹ׃

And David said: 'l will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me.' So David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. And David's servants came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִ֜יד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	David
4	אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	I will do
5	חֶ֣סֶד	חֶסֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־	obj	covenant loyalty
6	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	5 חֶ֣סֶד	punct
7	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	8 חָנ֣וּן	case	with
8	חָנ֣וּן	חָנוּן	PROPN	_	4 אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־	obl	Hanun
9	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 חָנ֣וּן	appos	the son
10	נָחָ֗שׁ	נָחָשׁ	PROPN	_	9 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Nahash
11	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	12 עָשָׂ֨ה	mark	(dm)
12	עָשָׂ֨ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־	advcl	he did
13	אָבִ֤י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 עָשָׂ֨ה	nsubj	father
14	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 אָבִ֤י	nmod:poss	his
15	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	16 ִי֙	case	with
16	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 עָשָׂ֨ה	obl	me
17	חֶ֔סֶד	חֶסֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 עָשָׂ֨ה	obj	covenant loyalty
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	cc	and
19	יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	he sent
20	דָּוִ֛יד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	19 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	nsubj	David
21	מַלְאָכִ֖ים	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	obj	messengers
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 נַחֲמ	case	to
23	נַחֲמ	נָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	19 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	advcl	comfort
24	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 נַחֲמ	obj	him
25	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	26 אָבִ֑י	case	on
26	אָבִ֑י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 נַחֲמ	obl	father
27	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 אָבִ֑י	nmod:poss	his
28	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 יָּבֹאוּ֩	cc	and
29	יָּבֹאוּ֩	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	they came
30	עַבְדֵ֨י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	29 יָּבֹאוּ֩	nsubj	the servants
31	דָוִ֜יד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	30 עַבְדֵ֨י	compound:smixut	of David
32	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	33 אֶ֧רֶץ	case	into
33	אֶ֧רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 יָּבֹאוּ֩	obl	the land
34	בְּנֵי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	33 אֶ֧רֶץ	compound:smixut	of the people
35	עַמּ֛וֹן	עַמּוֹן	PROPN	_	34 בְּנֵי־	compound:smixut	of Ammon
36	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	37 חָנ֖וּן	case	to
37	חָנ֖וּן	חָנוּן	PROPN	_	29 יָּבֹאוּ֩	obl	Hanun
38	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	39 נַחֲמ	case	to
39	נַחֲמ	נָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	29 יָּבֹאוּ֩	advcl	comfort
40	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 נַחֲמ	obj	him
41	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	40 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִיד David
אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־ I will do	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִיד David	חֶסֶד covenant loyalty
עָשָׂה he did	qatal · qal	אָבִי father	חֶסֶד covenant loyalty
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִיד David	מַלְאָכִים messengers
נַחֲמ comfort	infinitive construct · piel	מַלְאָכִים messengers	וֹ him
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal	עַבְדֵי the servants
נַחֲמ comfort	infinitive construct · piel	עַבְדֵי the servants	ֽוֹ him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1CH:657.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.2/