2 Chronicles 20:18 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב

Who acts: Jehoshaphat, Judah · What happens: bow, fall down, worship · To what, where: head, ground, LORD

This is 2 Chronicles 20:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jehoshaphat, Judah — and what happens in the verse to head, ground, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּקֹּ֧ד יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט אַפַּ֖יִם אָ֑רְצָה וְכָל־יְהוּדָ֞ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם נָֽפְלוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת לַיהוָֽה׃

And Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground; and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before the LORD, worshipping the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּקֹּ֧ד	cc	and
2	יִּקֹּ֧ד	קָדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he bowed low
3	יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט	יְהוֹשָׁפָט	PROPN	_	2 יִּקֹּ֧ד	nsubj	Jehoshaphat
4	אַפַּ֖יִם	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	2 יִּקֹּ֧ד	obj	face
5	אָ֑רְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יִּקֹּ֧ד	obl	ground
6	ָה	ה	X	_	5 אָ֑רְצ	nmod	to [the]
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 נָֽפְלוּ֙	cc	and
8	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 נָֽפְלוּ֙	nsubj	all
9	יְהוּדָ֞ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	8 כָל־	compound:smixut	Judah
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	cc	and
11	יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 כָל־	conj	the inhabitants
12	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	11 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Jerusalem
13	נָֽפְלוּ֙	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּקֹּ֧ד	conj	they fell down
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
15	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 נָֽפְלוּ֙	obl
16	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	15 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	Yahweh
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 הִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת	case	to
18	הִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת	חוה	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	13 נָֽפְלוּ֙	advcl	bow down
19	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	20 יהוָֽה	case	to
20	יהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	18 הִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת	obl	Yahweh
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 יהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּקֹּד he bowed low	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשָׁפָט Jehoshaphat	אַפַּיִם face
נָֽפְלוּ they fell down	qatal · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah + יֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants
הִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺת bow down	infinitive construct · hithpael	יְהוּדָה Judah + יֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground; and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before the LORD, worshipping the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2CH:410.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.18/