2 Chronicles 20:24 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב

Who acts: Judah, children, dead bodies, none · What happens: come, look, be, fall, escape · To what, where: watch tower, dead bodies

This is 2 Chronicles 20:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, children, dead bodies, none — and what happens in the verse to watch tower, dead bodies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וִֽיהוּדָ֛ה בָּ֥א עַל־הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה לַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַיִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הֶ֣הָמ֔וֹן וְהִנָּ֧ם פְּגָרִ֛ים נֹפְלִ֥ים אַ֖רְצָה וְאֵ֥ין פְּלֵיטָֽה׃

And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וִֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 בָּ֥א	cc	and
2	יהוּדָ֛ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	3 בָּ֥א	nsubj	Judah
3	בָּ֥א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it came
4	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	6 מִּצְפֶּ֖ה	case	to
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מִּצְפֶּ֖ה	det	the
6	מִּצְפֶּ֖ה	מִצְפֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 בָּ֥א	obl	watchtower
7	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	9 מִּדְבָּ֑ר	case	of
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 מִּדְבָּ֑ר	det	the
9	מִּדְבָּ֑ר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 מִּצְפֶּ֖ה	nmod	wilderness
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִּפְנוּ֙	cc	and
11	יִּפְנוּ֙	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 בָּ֥א	conj	they turned
12	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	14 הָמ֔וֹן	case	to
13	הֶ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 הָמ֔וֹן	det	the
14	הָמ֔וֹן	הָמוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יִּפְנוּ֙	obl	multitude
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 פְּגָרִ֛ים	cc	and
16	הִנּ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	18 פְּגָרִ֛ים	nsubj	there
17	ָ֧ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 הִנּ	nsubj	they
18	פְּגָרִ֛ים	פֶּגֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 בָּ֥א	conj	[were] corpses
19	נֹפְלִ֥ים	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	18 פְּגָרִ֛ים	acl:relcl	fallen
20	אַ֖רְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 נֹפְלִ֥ים	obl	ground
21	ָה	ה	X	_	20 אַ֖רְצ	nmod	to [the]
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
23	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	3 בָּ֥א	conj	there [was] not
24	פְּלֵיטָֽה	פְּלֵיטָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	23 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	an escaped remnant
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 פְּלֵיטָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
not בָּא it came	qatal · qal	יהוּדָה Judah
יִּפְנוּ they turned	wayyiqtol · qal	יהוּדָה Judah
נֹפְלִים fallen	participle active · qal	פְּגָרִים [were] corpses

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2CH:416.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.24/