2 Chronicles 28:23 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב

Who acts: Ahaz, gods, I, kings · What happens: sacrifice, smite, say, help, be · To what, where: Ahaz, kings, me, ruin · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Chronicles 28:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahaz, gods, I, kings — and what happens in the verse to Ahaz, kings, me, ruin, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּזְבַּ֗ח לֵֽאלֹהֵ֣י דַרְמֶשֶׂק֮ הַמַּכִּ֣ים בּוֹ֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כִּ֠י אֱלֹהֵ֤י מַלְכֵֽי־אֲרָם֙ הֵ֚ם מַעְזְרִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם לָהֶ֥ם אֲזַבֵּ֖חַ וְיַעְזְר֑וּנִי וְהֵ֛ם הָֽיוּ־ל֥וֹ לְהַכְשִׁיל֖וֹ וּלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him; and he said: 'Because the gods of the kings of Aram helped them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me.' But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	cc	and
2	יִּזְבַּ֗ח	זָבַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sacrificed
3	לֵֽ	לְ	ADP	_	4 אלֹהֵ֣י	case	to
4	אלֹהֵ֣י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	obl	the gods
5	דַרְמֶשֶׂק֮	דַּרְמֶשֶׂק	PROPN	_	4 אלֹהֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Damascus
6	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	7 מַּכִּ֣ים	mark	[which
7	מַּכִּ֣ים	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	4 אלֹהֵ֣י	appos	had] defeated
8	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 וֹ֒	case	(in)
9	וֹ֒	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 מַּכִּ֣ים	obl	him
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֹּ֗אמֶר	cc	and
11	יֹּ֗אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	conj	he said
12	כִּ֠י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	17 מַעְזְרִ֣ים	mark	(dm)
13	אֱלֹהֵ֤י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 מַעְזְרִ֣ים	dislocated	the gods
14	מַלְכֵֽי־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 אֱלֹהֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of the kings
15	אֲרָם֙	אֲרָם	PROPN	_	14 מַלְכֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of Aram
16	הֵ֚ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 מַעְזְרִ֣ים	nsubj	they
17	מַעְזְרִ֣ים	עָזַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	advcl	[are] helping
18	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	19 ָ֔ם	case
19	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 מַעְזְרִ֣ים	obj	them
20	ל	לְ	ADP	_	21 ָהֶ֥ם	case	to
21	ָהֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 אֲזַבֵּ֖חַ	obl	them
22	אֲזַבֵּ֖חַ	זָבַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	parataxis	I will sacrifice
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יַעְזְר֑וּ	cc	and
24	יַעְזְר֑וּ	עָזַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	conj	they
25	נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 יַעְזְר֑וּ	obj	will help me
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 הַכְשִׁיל	cc	and
27	הֵ֛ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 הַכְשִׁיל	nsubj	they
28	הָֽיוּ־	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	32 הַכְשִׁיל	cop	they became
29	ל	לְ	ADP	_	30 ֥וֹ	case	for
30	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 הַכְשִׁיל	obl	him
31	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	32 הַכְשִׁיל	case	(into) causing
32	הַכְשִׁיל	כָּשַׁל	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	2 יִּזְבַּ֗ח	conj	overthrow
33	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 הַכְשִׁיל	obj	his
34	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	36 כָל־	cc	and
35	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	36 כָל־	case	(to)
36	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 הַכְשִׁיל	conj	all
37	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	36 כָל־	compound:smixut	Israel
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּזְבַּח he sacrificed	wayyiqtol · qal
מַּכִּים had] defeated	participle active · hiphil	אלֹהֵי the gods
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
מַעְזְרִים [are] helping	participle active · hiphil	ָם them		הֵם they
אֲזַבֵּחַ I will sacrifice	yiqtol · piel
יַעְזְרוּ they	yiqtol · hiphil	אֱלֹהֵי the gods	נִי will help me
הָֽיוּ־ they became	qatal · qal	הֵם they
הַכְשִׁיל overthrow	infinitive construct · hiphil	וֹ his		אֱלֹהֵי the gods

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him; and he said: 'Because the gods of the kings of Aram helped them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me.' But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2CH:592.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.23/