Daniel 3:24 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: Nebuchadnezzar, we, ministers · What happens: alarm, rise up, speak, say, not cast, bind · To what, where: Nebuchadnezzar, haste, three men · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Daniel 3:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nebuchadnezzar, we, ministers — and what happens in the verse to Nebuchadnezzar, haste, three men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֱדַ֙יִן֙ נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר מַלְכָּ֔א תְּוַ֖הּ וְקָ֣ם בְּהִתְבְּהָלָ֑ה עָנֵ֨ה וְאָמַ֜ר לְהַדָּֽבְר֗וֹהִי הֲלָא֩ גֻבְרִ֨ין תְּלָתָ֜א רְמֵ֤ינָא לְגוֹא־נוּרָא֙ מְכַפְּתִ֔ין עָנַ֤יִן וְאָמְרִין֙ לְמַלְכָּ֔א יַצִּיבָ֖א מַלְכָּֽא׃

Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was alarmed, and rose up in haste; he spoke and said unto his ministers: 'Did not we cast three men bound into the midst of the fire?' They answered and said unto the king: 'True, O king.'

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֱדַ֙יִן֙	אֱדַיִן	ADV	_	root	root	then
2	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר	PROPN	_	5 תְּוַ֖הּ	nsubj	Nebuchadnezzar
3	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר	appos	the
4	ָ֔א	א	DET	PronType=Art	3 מַלְכּ	det	king
5	תְּוַ֖הּ	תְּוַהּ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 אֱדַ֙יִן֙	parataxis	he was alarmed
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 קָ֣ם	cc	and
7	קָ֣ם	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 אֱדַ֙יִן֙	conj	he arose
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 הִתְבְּהָלָ֑ה	case	in
9	הִתְבְּהָלָ֑ה	בְּהַל	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPEEL	7 קָ֣ם	advcl	haste
10	עָנֵ֨ה	עֲנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	1 אֱדַ֙יִן֙	parataxis	[he was] replying
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 אָמַ֜ר	cc	and
12	אָמַ֜ר	אֲמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	10 עָנֵ֨ה	conj	[he was] saying
13	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	14 הַדָּֽבְר֗וֹ	case	to
14	הַדָּֽבְר֗וֹ	הַדָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 אָמַ֜ר	obl	counselors
15	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 הַדָּֽבְר֗וֹ	nmod:poss	his
16	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	20 רְמֵ֤ינָא	advmod
17	לָא֩	לָא	ADV	_	20 רְמֵ֤ינָא	advmod	not?
18	גֻבְרִ֨ין	גְּבַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 רְמֵ֤ינָא	obj	men
19	תְּלָתָ֜א	תְּלָת	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 גֻבְרִ֨ין	nummod	three
20	רְמֵ֤ינָא	רמה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=1	10 עָנֵ֨ה	ccomp	did we throw
21	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	22 גוֹא־	case	to
22	גוֹא־	גֹּוא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 רְמֵ֤ינָא	obl	the midst
23	נוּר	נוּר	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 גוֹא־	compound:smixut	of
24	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	23 נוּר	det	the fire
25	מְכַפְּתִ֔ין	כְּפַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Plur	20 רְמֵ֤ינָא	xcomp	bound
26	עָנַ֤יִן	עֲנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur	20 רְמֵ֤ינָא	parataxis	[they were] replying
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 אָמְרִין֙	cc	and
28	אָמְרִין֙	אֲמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur	26 עָנַ֤יִן	conj	[they were] saying
29	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	30 מַלְכּ	case	to
30	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 אָמְרִין֙	obl	the
31	ָ֔א	א	DET	PronType=Art	30 מַלְכּ	det	king
32	יַצִּיבָ֖א	יַצִּיב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 עָנַ֤יִן	ccomp	certain
33	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 יַצִּיבָ֖א	parataxis	O
34	ָֽא	א	DET	PronType=Art	33 מַלְכּ	det	king
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 ָֽא	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תְּוַהּ he was alarmed	qatal · peal	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar
קָם he arose	qatal · peal	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar
הִתְבְּהָלָה haste	infinitive construct · hithpeel	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar
עָנֵה [he was] replying	participle active · peal	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar
אָמַר [he was] saying	participle active · peal	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar
רְמֵינָא did we throw	qatal · peal	נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar + הַדָּֽבְרוֹ counselors	גֻבְרִין men
מְכַפְּתִין bound	participle active · pael		גֻבְרִין men
עָנַיִן [they were] replying	participle active · peal	הַדָּֽבְרוֹ counselors
אָמְרִין [they were] saying	participle active · peal	הַדָּֽבְרוֹ counselors

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was alarmed, and rose up in haste; he spoke and said unto his ministers: 'Did not we cast three men bound into the midst of the fire?' They answered and said unto the king: 'True, O king.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:69.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.24/