Daniel 3:24 · JPS 1917

Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was alarmed, and rose up in haste; he spoke and said unto his ministers: 'Did not we cast three men bound into the midst of the fire?' They answered and said unto the king: 'True, O king.'

Who acts: Nebuchadnezzar, we, ministers · What happens: alarm, rise up, speak, say, not cast, bind · To what, where: Nebuchadnezzar, haste, three men · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Daniel 3:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nebuchadnezzar, we, ministers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 alarmed	advmod
2	Nebuchadnezzar	Nebuchadnezzar	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 alarmed	nsubj:pass
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 king	det
4	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Nebuchadnezzar	appos
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 alarmed	aux:pass
6	alarmed	alarm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 rose	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rose	cc
9	rose	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 alarmed	conj
10	up	up	ADP	_	9 rose	compound:prt
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 haste	case
12	haste	haste	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rose	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 spoke	punct
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 spoke	nsubj
15	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 alarmed	conj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 said	cc
17	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 spoke	conj
18	unto	unto	ADP	_	20 ministers	case
19	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 ministers	nmod:poss
20	ministers	minister	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 said	obl
21	:	:	PUNCT	_	26 cast	punct
22	'	'	PUNCT	_	26 cast	punct
23	Did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	26 cast	aux
24	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 cast	advmod
25	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 cast	nsubj
26	cast	cast	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 said	ccomp
27	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 men	nummod
28	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 cast	obj
29	bound	bind	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 cast	xcomp
30	into	into	ADP	_	32 midst	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 midst	det
32	midst	midst	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 bound	obl
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 fire	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 fire	det
35	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 midst	nmod
36	?	?	PUNCT	_	26 cast	punct
37	'	'	PUNCT	_	26 cast	punct
38	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 answered	nsubj
39	answered	answer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 alarmed	conj
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 said	cc
41	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 answered	conj
42	unto	unto	ADP	_	44 king	case
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 king	det
44	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 said	obl
45	:	:	PUNCT	_	47 True	punct
46	'	'	PUNCT	_	47 True	punct
47	True	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 said	ccomp
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 king	punct
49	O	o	INTJ	_	50 king	discourse
50	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 True	vocative
51	.	.	PUNCT	_	47 True	punct
52	'	'	PUNCT	_	47 True	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=ask

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	alarm	past · passive		Nebuchadnezzar		then		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	rise up	past			haste			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in haste=Location
3	speak speech: other	past	Nebuchadnezzar					vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	say speech: assert	past	Nebuchadnezzar not said here				unto Nebuchadnezzar's ministers	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	not cast	past · do-support	we	three men				vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent man=Theme clause=Attribute
6	bind	participle	we not said here				into the midst of the fire	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent into midst=Co-Patient
7	answer speech: assert	past	ministers = minister					vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	say speech: assert	past	ministers = minister not said here				unto the king	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Aramaic of this verse

אֱדַ֙יִן֙ נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר מַלְכָּ֔א תְּוַ֖הּ וְקָ֣ם בְּהִתְבְּהָלָ֑ה עָנֵ֨ה וְאָמַ֜ר לְהַדָּֽבְר֗וֹהִי הֲלָא֩ גֻבְרִ֨ין תְּלָתָ֜א רְמֵ֤ינָא לְגוֹא־נוּרָא֙ מְכַפְּתִ֔ין עָנַ֤יִן וְאָמְרִין֙ לְמַלְכָּ֔א יַצִּיבָ֖א מַלְכָּֽא׃

Daniel 3:24: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:98 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.98/