Daniel 4:20 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: king, holy one, heaven, portion, seven times · What happens: see, come down, say, hew down, destroy, leave · To what, where: watcher, heaven, tree, stump, earth, portion · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Daniel 4:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, holy one, heaven, portion, seven times — and what happens in the verse to watcher, heaven, tree, stump, earth, portion, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְדִ֣י חֲזָ֣ה מַלְכָּ֡א עִ֣יר וְקַדִּ֣ישׁ נָחִ֣ת ׀ מִן־שְׁמַיָּ֡א וְאָמַר֩ גֹּ֨דּוּ אִֽילָנָ֜א וְחַבְּל֗וּהִי בְּרַ֨ם עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ בְּאַרְעָ֣א שְׁבֻ֔קוּ וּבֶאֱסוּר֙ דִּֽי־פַרְזֶ֣ל וּנְחָ֔שׁ בְּדִתְאָ֖א דִּ֣י בָרָ֑א וּבְטַ֧ל שְׁמַיָּ֣א יִצְטַבַּ֗ע וְעִם־חֵיוַ֤ת בָּרָא֙ חֲלָקֵ֔הּ עַ֛ד דִּֽי־שִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֥וּן עֲלֽוֹהִי׃

And whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven, and saying: Hew down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him —

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 חֲזָ֣ה	cc	and
2	דִ֣י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	3 חֲזָ֣ה	mark	that
3	חֲזָ֣ה	חֲזָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he saw
4	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 חֲזָ֣ה	nsubj	the
5	ָ֡א	א	DET	PronType=Art	4 מַלְכּ	det	king
6	עִ֣יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 נָחִ֣ת	nsubj	a watcher
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 קַדִּ֣ישׁ	cc	and
8	קַדִּ֣ישׁ	קַדִּישׁ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 עִ֣יר	conj	a holy [one]
9	נָחִ֣ת	נְחֵת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	3 חֲזָ֣ה	ccomp	coming down
10	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	9 נָחִ֣ת	punct
11	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	12 שְׁמַיּ	case	from
12	שְׁמַיּ	שָׁמַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 נָחִ֣ת	obl	the
13	ָ֡א	א	DET	PronType=Art	12 שְׁמַיּ	det	heavens
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 אָמַר֩	cc	and
15	אָמַר֩	אֲמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	9 נָחִ֣ת	conj	saying
16	גֹּ֨דּוּ	גְּדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=2	15 אָמַר֩	ccomp	cut down!
17	אִֽילָנ	אִילָן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 גֹּ֨דּוּ	obj	the
18	ָ֜א	א	DET	PronType=Art	17 אִֽילָנ	det	tree
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 חַבְּל֗וּ	cc	and
20	חַבְּל֗וּ	חֲבַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Plur Person=2	16 גֹּ֨דּוּ	conj	destroy
21	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 חַבְּל֗וּ	obj	it
22	בְּרַ֨ם	בְּרַם	CCONJ	_	29 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	cc	nevertheless
23	עִקַּ֤ר	עִקַּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	obj	the stump
24	שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹ	שֹׁרֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 עִקַּ֤ר	compound:smixut	of
25	הִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹ	nmod:poss	its roots
26	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 אַרְע	case	in
27	אַרְע	אֲרַע	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	29 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	obl	the
28	ָ֣א	א	DET	PronType=Art	27 אַרְע	det	ground
29	שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	שְׁבַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=2	16 גֹּ֨דּוּ	conj	leave!
30	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 אֱסוּר֙	cc	and
31	בֶ	בְּ	ADP	_	32 אֱסוּר֙	case	with
32	אֱסוּר֙	אֱסוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ	conj	a fetter
33	דִּֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	34 פַרְזֶ֣ל	mark	(diy) of
34	פַרְזֶ֣ל	פַּרְזֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 אֱסוּר֙	acl:relcl	iron
35	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	36 נְחָ֔שׁ	cc	and
36	נְחָ֔שׁ	נְחָשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	34 פַרְזֶ֣ל	conj	bronze
37	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	38 דִתְא	case	in
38	דִתְא	דֶּתֶא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 אֱסוּר֙	obl	the
39	ָ֖א	א	DET	PronType=Art	38 דִתְא	det	grass
40	דִּ֣י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	41 בָר	mark	(diy) of
41	בָר	בַּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	38 דִתְא	acl:relcl	the
42	ָ֑א	א	DET	PronType=Art	41 בָר	det	field
43	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	48 יִצְטַבַּ֗ע	cc	and
44	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	45 טַ֧ל	case	with
45	טַ֧ל	טַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	48 יִצְטַבַּ֗ע	obl	the dew
46	שְׁמַיּ	שָׁמַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	45 טַ֧ל	compound:smixut	of
47	ָ֣א	א	DET	PronType=Art	46 שְׁמַיּ	det	the heavens
48	יִצְטַבַּ֗ע	צְבַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAAL Number=Sing Person=3	16 גֹּ֨דּוּ	conj	let it become wet
49	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	51 חֵיוַ֤ת	cc	and [be]
50	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	51 חֵיוַ֤ת	case	with
51	חֵיוַ֤ת	חֵיוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	48 יִצְטַבַּ֗ע	conj	the animal[s]
52	בָּר	בַּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	51 חֵיוַ֤ת	compound:smixut	of
53	ָא֙	א	DET	PronType=Art	52 בָּר	det	the field
54	חֲלָק	חֲלָק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	51 חֵיוַ֤ת	nsubj	portion
55	ֵ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	54 חֲלָק	nmod:poss	its
56	עַ֛ד	עַד	ADP	_	16 גֹּ֨דּוּ	parataxis	until
57	דִּֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	60 יַחְלְפ֥וּן	mark	that
58	שִׁבְעָ֥ה	שְׁבַע	NUM	Number=Sing	59 עִדָּנִ֖ין	nummod	seven
59	עִדָּנִ֖ין	עִדָּן	NOUN	Number=Sing	60 יַחְלְפ֥וּן	nsubj	times
60	יַחְלְפ֥וּן	חֲלַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3	56 עַ֛ד	parataxis	they will pass
61	עֲלֽוֹ	עַל	ADP	_	62 הִי	case	over
62	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	60 יַחְלְפ֥וּן	obl	it
63	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	62 הִי	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
חֲזָה he saw	qatal · peal	מַלְכּ the	נָחִת coming down + אָמַר saying
נָחִת coming down	participle active · peal	עִיר a watcher
אָמַר saying	participle active · peal	עִיר a watcher	גֹּדּוּ cut down! + חַבְּלוּ destroy + שְׁבֻקוּ leave! + אֱסוּר a fetter + יִצְטַבַּע let it become wet + חֵיוַת the animal[s]
גֹּדּוּ cut down!	imperative · peal		אִֽילָנ the
חַבְּלוּ destroy	imperative · pael		הִי it
שְׁבֻקוּ leave!	imperative · peal		עִקַּר the stump
יִצְטַבַּע let it become wet	yiqtol · hithpaal		אִֽילָנ the
יַחְלְפוּן they will pass	yiqtol · peal	עִדָּנִין times

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And whereas the king saw a watcher and a holy one coming down from heaven, and saying: Hew down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him —

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:98.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.20/