Ecclesiastes 1:10 קֹהֶלֶת
Who acts: thing, this, ear, ages · What happens: be, say, see · To what, where: ear, ages · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Ecclesiastes 1:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thing, this, ear, ages — and what happens in the verse to ear, ages, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
יֵ֥שׁ דָּבָ֛ר שֶׁיֹּאמַ֥ר רְאֵה־זֶ֖ה חָדָ֣שׁ ה֑וּא כְּבָר֙ הָיָ֣ה לְעֹֽלָמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה מִלְּפָנֵֽנוּ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | יֵ֥שׁ | יֵשׁ | ADV | _ | root | root | [is] there? |
| 2 | דָּבָ֛ר | דָּבָר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 יֵ֥שׁ | nsubj | anything |
| 3 | שֶׁ | שֶׁ | SCONJ | _ | 4 יֹּאמַ֥ר | mark | which |
| 4 | יֹּאמַ֥ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 דָּבָ֛ר | acl:relcl | anyone will say |
| 5 | רְאֵה־ | רָאָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 4 יֹּאמַ֥ר | ccomp | see |
| 6 | זֶ֖ה | זֶה | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 רְאֵה־ | parataxis | this |
| 7 | חָדָ֣שׁ | חָדָשׁ | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 רְאֵה־ | parataxis | [is] new |
| 8 | ה֑וּא | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 חָדָ֣שׁ | nsubj | it |
| 9 | כְּבָר֙ | כְּבָר | ADV | _ | 12 עֹֽלָמִ֔ים | advmod | already |
| 10 | הָיָ֣ה | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 12 עֹֽלָמִ֔ים | cop | it has been |
| 11 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 12 עֹֽלָמִ֔ים | case | to |
| 12 | עֹֽלָמִ֔ים | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 יֵ֥שׁ | parataxis | ancient times |
| 13 | אֲשֶׁ֥ר | אֲשֶׁר | SCONJ | _ | 17 פָנ | mark | which |
| 14 | הָיָ֖ה | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 17 פָנ | cop | it was |
| 15 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 17 פָנ | case | from |
| 16 | לְּ | לְ | ADP | _ | 17 פָנ | case | before |
| 17 | פָנ | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 עֹֽלָמִ֔ים | acl:relcl | face |
| 18 | ֵֽנוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 פָנ | nmod:poss | us |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 ֵֽנוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֹּאמַר anyone will say | yiqtol · qal | רְאֵה־ see + חָדָשׁ [is] new | |||
| רְאֵה־ see | imperative · qal | ||||
| הָיָה it has been | qatal · qal | דָּבָר anything | |||
| הָיָה it was | qatal · qal | עֹֽלָמִים ancient times |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
אִית פִּתְגַם דְּיֵימַר אֵינַשׁ חֲזִי דֵין פִּתְגַם חֲדַת הוּא הָא כְּבָר הֲוָה לְעַלְמִין בְּיוֹמֵי דָּרַיָּא דִי הֲווֹ לְקַדְמָנָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:9.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.10/