Ecclesiastes 2:17 קֹהֶלֶת
Who acts: I, work, all · What happens: hate, work, be · To what, where: life, work, sun, vanity
This is Ecclesiastes 2:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, work, all — and what happens in the verse to life, work, sun, vanity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְשָׂנֵ֙אתִי֙ אֶת־הַ֣חַיִּ֔ים כִּ֣י רַ֤ע עָלַי֙ הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂ֖ה תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ כִּֽי־הַכֹּ֥ל הֶ֖בֶל וּרְע֥וּת רֽוּחַ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 שָׂנֵ֙אתִי֙ | cc | and |
| 2 | שָׂנֵ֙אתִי֙ | שָׂנֵא | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | root | root | I hated |
| 3 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 5 חַיִּ֔ים | case | (et) |
| 4 | הַ֣ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 5 חַיִּ֔ים | det | (the) |
| 5 | חַיִּ֔ים | חַיִּים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 שָׂנֵ֙אתִי֙ | obj | life |
| 6 | כִּ֣י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 7 רַ֤ע | mark | (dm) |
| 7 | רַ֤ע | רַע | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 שָׂנֵ֙אתִי֙ | advcl | [was] evil |
| 8 | עָל | עַל | ADP | _ | 9 ַי֙ | case | on |
| 9 | ַי֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 רַ֤ע | obl | me |
| 10 | הַֽ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 11 מַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה | det | the |
| 11 | מַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה | מַעֲשֶׂה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 רַ֤ע | nsubj | work |
| 12 | שֶׁ | שֶׁ | SCONJ | _ | 13 נַּעֲשָׂ֖ה | mark | which |
| 13 | נַּעֲשָׂ֖ה | עָשָׂה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 11 מַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה | acl:relcl | it was done |
| 14 | תַּ֣חַת | תַּחַת | NOUN | _ | 13 נַּעֲשָׂ֖ה | obl | under |
| 15 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 16 שָּׁ֑מֶשׁ | det | the |
| 16 | שָּׁ֑מֶשׁ | שֶׁמֶשׁ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 תַּ֣חַת | compound:smixut | sun |
| 17 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 20 הֶ֖בֶל | mark | (dm) |
| 18 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 19 כֹּ֥ל | det | (the) |
| 19 | כֹּ֥ל | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 20 הֶ֖בֶל | nsubj | everything |
| 20 | הֶ֖בֶל | הֶבֶל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 שָׂנֵ֙אתִי֙ | advcl | [is] futility |
| 21 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 22 רְע֥וּת | cc | and |
| 22 | רְע֥וּת | רְעוּת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 20 הֶ֖בֶל | conj | striving |
| 23 | רֽוּחַ | רוּחַ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 רְע֥וּת | compound:smixut | of wind |
| 24 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 23 רֽוּחַ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| שָׂנֵאתִי I hated | qatal · qal | חַיִּים life | |||
| נַּעֲשָׂה it was done | qatal · niphal | מַּעֲשֶׂה work |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וּסְנֵיתִי אֲנָא יָת כָּל חַיִּין בִּישִׁין אֲרוּם בִּישׁ עָלַי עוֹבָדָא בִּישָׁא דִי אִתְעֲבִיד עַל בְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא תְּחוֹת שִׁמְשָׁא בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין אֲרוּם כּוֹלָא הַבָלוּ וּתְבִירוּת רוּחָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:34.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.17/