Esther 9:19 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: Jews · What happens: dwell, make, send · To what, where: unwalled towns, day, portions

This is Esther 9:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jews — and what happens in the verse to unwalled towns, day, portions, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

עַל־כֵּ֞ן הַיְּהוּדִ֣ים הַפְּרָזִ֗ים הַיֹּשְׁבִים֮ בְּעָרֵ֣י הַפְּרָזוֹת֒ עֹשִׂ֗ים אֵ֠ת י֣וֹם אַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֔ר שִׂמְחָ֥ה וּמִשְׁתֶּ֖ה וְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב וּמִשְׁל֥וֹחַ מָנ֖וֹת אִ֥ישׁ לְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃פ

Therefore do the Jews of the villages, that dwell in the unwalled towns, make the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	2 כֵּ֞ן	case	therefore
2	כֵּ֞ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	root	root
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 יְּהוּדִ֣ים	det	the
4	יְּהוּדִ֣ים	יְהוּדִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 עֹשִׂ֗ים	nsubj	Jews
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 פְּרָזִ֗ים	det	the
6	פְּרָזִ֗ים	פְּרָזִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 יְּהוּדִ֣ים	appos	hamlet-dwellers
7	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	8 יֹּשְׁבִים֮	mark	[who
8	יֹּשְׁבִים֮	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 יְּהוּדִ֣ים	appos	are] dwelling
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 עָרֵ֣י	case	in
10	עָרֵ֣י	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	8 יֹּשְׁבִים֮	obl	the cities
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 פְּרָזוֹת֒	det	of
12	פְּרָזוֹת֒	פְּרָזָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	10 עָרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the open regions
13	עֹשִׂ֗ים	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 כֵּ֞ן	parataxis	[are] observing
14	אֵ֠ת	אֵת	ADP	_	15 י֣וֹם	case	(et)
15	י֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 עֹשִׂ֗ים	obj	day
16	אַרְבָּעָ֤ה	אַרְבַּע	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 י֣וֹם	nummod	four-
17	עָשָׂר֙	עָשָׂר	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 אַרְבָּעָ֤ה	flat	teen
18	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	19 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	case	of
19	חֹ֣דֶשׁ	חֹדֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 י֣וֹם	nmod	the month
20	אֲדָ֔ר	אֲדָר	PROPN	_	19 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	compound:smixut	Adar
21	שִׂמְחָ֥ה	שִׂמְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 עֹשִׂ֗ים	xcomp	joy
22	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה	cc	and
23	מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה	מִשְׁתֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 שִׂמְחָ֥ה	conj	a feast
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 י֣וֹם	cc	and
25	י֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 שִׂמְחָ֥ה	conj	a day
26	ט֑וֹב	טוֹב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 י֣וֹם	amod	good
27	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 מִשְׁל֥וֹחַ	cc	and [the]
28	מִשְׁל֥וֹחַ	מִשְׁלוֹחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 שִׂמְחָ֥ה	conj	sending
29	מָנ֖וֹת	מָנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	28 מִשְׁל֥וֹחַ	compound:smixut	of portions
30	אִ֥ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 מִשְׁל֥וֹחַ	advmod	each
31	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	32 רֵע	case	to
32	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 אִ֥ישׁ	nmod	neighbor
33	ֵֽהוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 ֵֽהוּ	punct
35	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	33 ֵֽהוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּשְׁבִים are] dwelling	participle active · qal	יְּהוּדִים Jews
עֹשִׂים [are] observing	participle active · qal	יְּהוּדִים Jews	יוֹם day

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

בְּגִין כֵּן יְהוּדָאִין פַּצִיחָאֵי דְיַתְבִין בְּקִרְוֵי פַצִיחַיָא עָבְדִין יַת יוֹם אַרְבַּע עֲשַׂר לְיֶרַח אֲדָר חֶדְוָתָא וּמַשְׁקַיָא וְיוֹמָא טָבָא וּמְשַׁדְרִין דוֹרוֹן גְבַר לְחַבְרֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Therefore do the Jews of the villages, that dwell in the unwalled towns, make the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:150.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.19/