Ezra 4:17 עֶזְרָא

Who acts: companions · What happens: send, dwell · To what, where: answer, king, Samaria

This is Ezra 4:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — companions — and what happens in the verse to answer, king, Samaria, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

פִּתְגָמָ֞א שְׁלַ֣ח מַלְכָּ֗א עַל־רְח֤וּם בְּעֵל־טְעֵם֙ וְשִׁמְשַׁ֣י סָֽפְרָ֔א וּשְׁאָר֙ כְּנָוָ֣תְה֔וֹן דִּ֥י יָתְבִ֖ין בְּשָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן וּשְׁאָ֧ר עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֛ה שְׁלָ֖ם וּכְעֶֽת׃ס

Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the commander, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the River: 'Peace, and now

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	פִּתְגָמ	פִּתְגָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 שְׁלַ֣ח	obj	the
2	ָ֞א	א	DET	PronType=Art	1 פִּתְגָמ	det	word
3	שְׁלַ֣ח	שְׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
4	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 שְׁלַ֣ח	nsubj	the
5	ָ֗א	א	DET	PronType=Art	4 מַלְכּ	det	king
6	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	7 רְח֤וּם	case	to
7	רְח֤וּם	רְחוּם	PROPN	_	3 שְׁלַ֣ח	parataxis	Rehum
8	בְּעֵל־	בְּעֵל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 רְח֤וּם	appos	lord
9	טְעֵם֙	טְעֵם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 בְּעֵל־	compound:smixut	of command
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 שִׁמְשַׁ֣י	cc	and
11	שִׁמְשַׁ֣י	שִׁמְשַׁי	PROPN	_	7 רְח֤וּם	conj	Shimshai
12	סָֽפְר	סָפִר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 שִׁמְשַׁ֣י	appos	the
13	ָ֔א	א	DET	PronType=Art	12 סָֽפְר	det	scribe
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 שְׁאָר֙	cc	and
15	שְׁאָר֙	שְׁאָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 רְח֤וּם	conj	the rest
16	כְּנָוָ֣ת	כְּנָת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 שְׁאָר֙	compound:smixut	of
17	ְה֔וֹן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 כְּנָוָ֣ת	nmod:poss	their associates
18	דִּ֥י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	19 יָתְבִ֖ין	mark	who
19	יָתְבִ֖ין	יְתִב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur	16 כְּנָוָ֣ת	acl:relcl	[were] dwelling
20	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן	case	in
21	שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן	שׇׁמְרָיִן	PROPN	_	19 יָתְבִ֖ין	obl	Samaria
22	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 שְׁאָ֧ר	cc	and
23	שְׁאָ֧ר	שְׁאָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן	conj	the rest
24	עֲבַֽר־	עֲבַר	PROPN	_	23 שְׁאָ֧ר	compound:smixut	of the region beyond
25	נַהֲר	נְהַר	PROPN	_	24 עֲבַֽר־	compound:smixut	the
26	ָ֛ה	ה	DET	PronType=Art	25 נַהֲר	det	river
27	שְׁלָ֖ם	שְׁלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 רְח֤וּם	nsubj	peace
28	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 כְעֶֽת	cc	and
29	כְעֶֽת	כְּעֶת	ADV	_	3 שְׁלַ֣ח	advmod	now
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 כְעֶֽת	punct
31	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	29 כְעֶֽת	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
שְׁלַח he sent	qatal · peal	מַלְכּ the	פִּתְגָמ the
יָתְבִין [were] dwelling	participle active · peal	כְּנָוָת of

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the commander, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the River: 'Peace, and now

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:EZR:9.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.17/