Ezra 4:17 · JPS 1917
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the commander, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the River: 'Peace, and now
Who acts: companions · What happens: send, dwell · To what, where: answer, king, Samaria
This is Ezra 4:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 sent | advmod |
| 2 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | iobj |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 answer | det |
| 6 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | obj |
| 7 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 8 Rehum | case |
| 8 | Rehum | Rehum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | obl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 commander | det |
| 10 | commander | commander | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Rehum | appos |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Shimshai | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 Shimshai | cc |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 Shimshai | case |
| 14 | Shimshai | Shimshai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | obl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 scribe | det |
| 16 | scribe | scribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Shimshai | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 rest | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 rest | cc |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 rest | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 rest | det |
| 21 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 companions | case |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 companions | nmod:poss |
| 24 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 rest | nmod |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 dwell | nsubj |
| 26 | dwell | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 companions | acl:relcl |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 Samaria | case |
| 28 | Samaria | Samaria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 dwell | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 rest | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 rest | cc |
| 31 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 33 rest | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 rest | det |
| 33 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | obl |
| 34 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 36 River | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 River | det |
| 36 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 rest | nmod |
| 37 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 39 Peace | punct |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 39 Peace | punct |
| 39 | Peace | Peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sent | parataxis |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 now | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 now | cc |
| 42 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 Peace | conj |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | a answer | the king | then | unto Rehum; to Shimshai; to the rest of Rehum's companions; unto the rest beyond the River | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent king=Destination answer=Theme | ||
| 2 | dwell | present | Rehum's companions | Samaria | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in samaria=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
פִּתְגָמָ֞א שְׁלַ֣ח מַלְכָּ֗א עַל־רְח֤וּם בְּעֵל־טְעֵם֙ וְשִׁמְשַׁ֣י סָֽפְרָ֔א וּשְׁאָר֙ כְּנָוָ֣תְה֔וֹן דִּ֥י יָתְבִ֖ין בְּשָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן וּשְׁאָ֧ר עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֛ה שְׁלָ֖ם וּכְעֶֽת׃ס
Ezra 4:17: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZR:112 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.112/