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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Lamentations / chapter 1 / 1:14

Lamentations 1:14 אֵיכָה

Who acts: hand, transgressions, LORD, strength, I, my · What happens: impress, knit together, come up, make, fail, deliver · To what, where: yoke, transgressions, neck, strength, me, hands

This is Lamentations 1:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hand, transgressions, LORD, strength, I, my — and what happens in the verse to yoke, transgressions, neck, strength, me, hands, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

נִשְׂקַד֩ עֹ֨ל פְּשָׁעַ֜י בְּיָד֗וֹ יִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּ עָל֥וּ עַל־צַוָּארִ֖י הִכְשִׁ֣יל כֹּחִ֑י נְתָנַ֣נִי אֲדֹנָ֔י בִּידֵ֖י לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל קֽוּם׃ס

The yoke of my transgressions is impressed by His hand; they are knit together, they are come up upon my neck; He hath made my strength to fail; the Lord hath delivered me into their hands, against whom I am not able to stand.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

nsubjcompound:smixutnmod:posscaseoblnmod:possparataxisparataxiscaseoblnmod:possparataxisobjnmod:possparataxisobjnsubjnmod:posscaseobladvmodaclobjpunctpunctrootנִשְׂקַדVERBit has been bound onעֹלNOUNthe yokeפְּשָׁעNOUNmy transgressionsַיPRONmyבְּADPbyיָדNOUNhandוֹPRONhisיִשְׂתָּֽרְגוּVERBthey are woven togetherעָלוּVERBthey have come upעַל־ADPonצַוָּארNOUNneckִיPRONmyהִכְשִׁילVERBhe has made feebleכֹּחNOUNstrengthִיPRONmyנְתָנVERBheַנִיPRONhas given meאֲדֹנNOUNLordָיPRON[the]בִּADPinידֵיNOUNthe handsלֹא־ADVof [those whom] notאוּכַלVERBI am ableקֽוּםVERBto stand׃PUNCTסPUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1נִשְׂקַד֩שָׂקַדVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3rootrootit has been bound on
2עֹ֨לעֹלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing1 נִשְׂקַד֩nsubjthe yoke
3פְּשָׁעפֶּשַׁעNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur2 עֹ֨לcompound:smixutmy transgressions
4ַ֜יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs3 פְּשָׁעnmod:possmy
5בְּבְּADP_6 יָדcaseby
6יָדיָדNOUNNumber=Sing8 יִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּoblhand
7֗וֹהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs6 יָדnmod:posshis
8יִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּשָׂרַגVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=31 נִשְׂקַד֩parataxisthey are woven together
9עָל֥וּעָלָהVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=31 נִשְׂקַד֩parataxisthey have come up
10עַל־עַלADP_11 צַוָּארcaseon
11צַוָּארצַוָּארNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing9 עָל֥וּoblneck
12ִ֖יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs11 צַוָּארnmod:possmy
13הִכְשִׁ֣ילכָּשַׁלVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=31 נִשְׂקַד֩parataxishe has made feeble
14כֹּחכֹּחַNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing13 הִכְשִׁ֣ילobjstrength
15ִ֑יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs14 כֹּחnmod:possmy
16נְתָננָתַןVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=31 נִשְׂקַד֩parataxishe
17ַ֣נִיהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs16 נְתָנobjhas given me
18אֲדֹנאֲדֹנָיNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur16 נְתָנnsubjLord
19ָ֔יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs18 אֲדֹנnmod:poss[the]
20בִּבְּADP_21 ידֵ֖יcasein
21ידֵ֖ייָדNOUNNumber=Dual16 נְתָנoblthe hands
22לֹא־לֹאADV_23 אוּכַ֥לadvmodof [those whom] not
23אוּכַ֥ליָכֹלVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=121 ידֵ֖יaclI am able
24קֽוּםקוּםVERBHebBinyan=QAL23 אוּכַ֥לobjto stand
25׃׃PUNCT_24 קֽוּםpunct
26ססPUNCT_24 קֽוּםpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
yes
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
נִשְׂקַד it has been bound onqatal · niphalעֹל the yoke
יִשְׂתָּֽרְגוּ they are woven togetheryiqtol · hithpaelעֹל the yoke
עָלוּ they have come upqatal · qalעֹל the yoke
הִכְשִׁיל he has made feebleqatal · hiphilכֹּח strength
נְתָנ heqatal · qalאֲדֹנ Lordַנִי has given me
not אוּכַל I am ableyiqtol · qalקֽוּם to stand
קֽוּם to standinfinitive construct · qalידֵי the hands

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אִתְיַקֵּר נִיר מְרוֹדִי בִידֵיהּ אִתְיַבְּשׁוּ כְּשִׁיבְשִׁין דְגוּפְנָא סַלְקוּ עַל צַוְורִי אִתְקַל חֵילִי מְסַר יְיָ יָתִי בִידוֹי מַן דְלֵית יָכִין אֲנָא לְמֵיקָם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. The yoke of my transgressions is impressed by His hand; they are knit together, they are come up upon my neck; He hath made my strength to fail; the Lord hath delivered me into their hands, against whom I am not able to stand.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LAM:13.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.14/