Lamentations 1:14 · JPS 1917
The yoke of my transgressions is impressed by His hand; they are knit together, they are come up upon my neck; He hath made my strength to fail; the Lord hath delivered me into their hands, against whom I am not able to stand.
Who acts: hand, transgressions, LORD, strength, I, my · What happens: impress, knit together, come up, make, fail, deliver · To what, where: yoke, transgressions, neck, strength, me, hands
This is Lamentations 1:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hand, transgressions, LORD, strength), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 yoke | det |
| 2 | yoke | yoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 impressed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 transgressions | case |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 transgressions | nmod:poss |
| 5 | transgressions | transgression | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 yoke | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 impressed | aux:pass |
| 7 | impressed | impress | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 hand | case |
| 9 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 hand | nmod:poss |
| 10 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 impressed | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 knit | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 knit | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 knit | aux:pass |
| 14 | knit | knit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 impressed | conj |
| 15 | together | together | ADV | _ | 14 knit | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 come | punct |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 come | nsubj |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 come | aux |
| 19 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 impressed | conj |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 come | compound:prt |
| 21 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 23 neck | case |
| 22 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 neck | nmod:poss |
| 23 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 come | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 made | punct |
| 25 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 made | nsubj |
| 26 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 made | aux |
| 27 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 impressed | conj |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 strength | nmod:poss |
| 29 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 made | obj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 fail | mark |
| 31 | fail | fail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 made | xcomp |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 delivered | punct |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Lord | det |
| 34 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 delivered | nsubj |
| 35 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 delivered | aux |
| 36 | delivered | deliver | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 impressed | conj |
| 37 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 delivered | obj |
| 38 | into | into | ADP | _ | 40 hands | case |
| 39 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 hands | nmod:poss |
| 40 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 delivered | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 able | punct |
| 42 | against | against | ADP | _ | 43 whom | case |
| 43 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 49 stand | obl |
| 44 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 47 able | nsubj |
| 45 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 able | cop |
| 46 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 47 able | advmod |
| 47 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 hands | acl:relcl |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 stand | mark |
| 49 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 able | xcomp |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 impressed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | impress | present · passive | LORD's hand | the yoke of my transgressions | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | knit together | present · passive | transgressions = transgression | together property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | come up | present · passive | transgressions = transgression | my neck | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon neck=Location | ||||
| 4 | make | present · perfect | LORD | my strength | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | fail | to-infinitive | my strength not said here | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | deliver | present · perfect | the Lord | me | transgressions's hands | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | |||
| 7 | not is | present | I | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | stand | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against whom=Location | |||||
| 9 | transgress | my | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
נִשְׂקַד֩ עֹ֨ל פְּשָׁעַ֜י בְּיָד֗וֹ יִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּ עָל֥וּ עַל־צַוָּארִ֖י הִכְשִׁ֣יל כֹּחִ֑י נְתָנַ֣נִי אֲדֹנָ֔י בִּידֵ֖י לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל קֽוּם׃ס
Lamentations 1:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LAM:16 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.16/