Nehemiah 13:2 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: Ammonite, God · What happens: not meet, hire, curse, turn · To what, where: children, Balaam, Ammonite, curse, blessing

This is Nehemiah 13:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ammonite, God — and what happens in the verse to children, Balaam, Ammonite, curse, blessing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֣י לֹ֧א קִדְּמ֛וּ אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּלֶּ֣חֶם וּבַמָּ֑יִם וַיִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר עָלָ֤יו אֶת־בִּלְעָם֙ לְקַֽלְל֔וֹ וַיַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ הַקְּלָלָ֖ה לִבְרָכָֽה׃

because they met not the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them, to curse them; howbeit our God turned the curse into a blessing.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 קִדְּמ֛וּ	mark	(dm)
2	לֹ֧א	לֹא	ADV	_	3 קִדְּמ֛וּ	advmod	not
3	קִדְּמ֛וּ	קָדַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they had met
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 בְּנֵ֥י	case	(et)
5	בְּנֵ֥י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 קִדְּמ֛וּ	obj	the people
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 בְּנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Israel
7	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 לֶּ֣חֶם	case	with
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 לֶּ֣חֶם	det	(the)
9	לֶּ֣חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 קִדְּמ֛וּ	obl	food
10	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 מָּ֑יִם	cc	and
11	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 מָּ֑יִם	case	with
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 מָּ֑יִם	det	(the)
13	מָּ֑יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 לֶּ֣חֶם	conj	water
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר	cc	and
15	יִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר	שָׂכַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 קִדְּמ֛וּ	conj	he had hired
16	עָלָ֤י	עַל	ADP	_	17 ו	case	on
17	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר	obl	it
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 בִּלְעָם֙	case	(et)
19	בִּלְעָם֙	בִּלְעָם	PROPN	_	15 יִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר	obj	Balaam
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 קַֽלְל	case	to
21	קַֽלְל	קָלַל	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	15 יִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר	advcl	curse
22	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 קַֽלְל	obj	it
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ	cc	and
24	יַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ	הָפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 קִדְּמ֛וּ	conj	he turned
25	אֱלֹהֵ֛י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 יַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ	nsubj	God
26	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 אֱלֹהֵ֛י	nmod:poss	our
27	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 קְּלָלָ֖ה	det	the
28	קְּלָלָ֖ה	קְלָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ	obj	curse
29	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	30 בְרָכָֽה	case	into
30	בְרָכָֽה	בְּרָכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ	obl	blessing
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 בְרָכָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not קִדְּמוּ they had met	qatal · piel		בְּנֵי the people
יִּשְׂכֹּר he had hired	wayyiqtol · qal		בִּלְעָם Balaam
קַֽלְל curse	infinitive construct · piel	בִּלְעָם Balaam	וֹ it
יַּהֲפֹךְ he turned	wayyiqtol · qal	אֱלֹהֵי God	קְּלָלָה curse

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

because they met not the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them, to curse them; howbeit our God turned the curse into a blessing.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:375.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.2/