Nehemiah 13:2 · JPS 1917
because they met not the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them, to curse them; howbeit our God turned the curse into a blessing.
Who acts: Ammonite, God · What happens: not meet, hire, curse, turn · To what, where: children, Balaam, Ammonite, curse, blessing
This is Nehemiah 13:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ammonite, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 3 met | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 met | nsubj |
| 3 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 met | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 children | det |
| 6 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 met | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Israel | case |
| 8 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 children | nmod |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 bread | case |
| 10 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 children | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 water | cc |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 water | case |
| 13 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bread | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 hired | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 hired | cc |
| 16 | hired | hire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 met | conj |
| 17 | Balaam | Balaam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 hired | obj |
| 18 | against | against | ADP | _ | 19 them | case |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 hired | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 curse | punct |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 curse | mark |
| 22 | curse | curse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 hired | advcl |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 curse | obj |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 turned | punct |
| 25 | howbeit | howbeit | ADV | _ | 28 turned | advmod |
| 26 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 God | nmod:poss |
| 27 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 turned | nsubj |
| 28 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 met | parataxis |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 curse | det |
| 30 | curse | curse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 turned | obj |
| 31 | into | into | ADP | _ | 33 blessing | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 blessing | det |
| 33 | blessing | blessing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 turned | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 met | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not meet | past | Ammonite | the children of Israel | with bread and water | vn satisfy-55.7 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent child=Theme with bread=Instrument | |||
| 2 | hire | past | Ammonite not said here | Balaam | against Ammonite | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balaam=Theme | |||
| 3 | curse | to-infinitive | Ammonite not said here | Ammonite | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 4 | turn | past | our God | the curse | a blessing | howbeit property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent curse=Theme into blessing=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּ֣י לֹ֧א קִדְּמ֛וּ אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּלֶּ֣חֶם וּבַמָּ֑יִם וַיִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר עָלָ֤יו אֶת־בִּלְעָם֙ לְקַֽלְל֔וֹ וַיַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ הַקְּלָלָ֖ה לִבְרָכָֽה׃
Nehemiah 13:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NEH:408 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.408/