Proverbs 25:13 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: faithful messenger, neighbour · What happens: be, send, refresh · To what, where: faithful messenger, neighbour, soul
This is Proverbs 25:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — faithful messenger, neighbour — and what happens in the verse to faithful messenger, neighbour, soul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כְּצִנַּת־שֶׁ֨לֶג ׀ בְּי֬וֹם קָצִ֗יר צִ֣יר נֶ֭אֱמָן לְשֹׁלְחָ֑יו וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ אֲדֹנָ֣יו יָשִֽׁיב׃פ
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כְּ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 2 צִנַּת־ | case | [is] like [the] |
| 2 | צִנַּת־ | צִנָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | root | root | cold |
| 3 | שֶׁ֨לֶג | שֶׁלֶג | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 צִנַּת־ | compound:smixut | of snow |
| 4 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 3 שֶׁ֨לֶג | punct | |
| 5 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 6 י֬וֹם | case | on |
| 6 | י֬וֹם | יוֹם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 צִנַּת־ | nmod | a day |
| 7 | קָצִ֗יר | קָצִיר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 י֬וֹם | compound:smixut | of harvest |
| 8 | צִ֣יר | צִיר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 צִנַּת־ | nsubj | an envoy |
| 9 | נֶ֭אֱמָן | אָמַן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing | 8 צִ֣יר | nmod | faithful |
| 10 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 11 שֹׁלְחָ֑י | case | to |
| 11 | שֹׁלְחָ֑י | שָׁלַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 2 צִנַּת־ | advcl | [those |
| 12 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 שֹׁלְחָ֑י | nmod:poss | who] sent him |
| 13 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 יָשִֽׁיב | cc | and |
| 14 | נֶ֖פֶשׁ | נֶפֶשׁ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 יָשִֽׁיב | obj | the life |
| 15 | אֲדֹנָ֣י | אָדוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 14 נֶ֖פֶשׁ | compound:smixut | his masters |
| 16 | ו | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 אֲדֹנָ֣י | nmod:poss | his |
| 17 | יָשִֽׁיב | שׁוּב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 צִנַּת־ | conj | he will restore |
| 18 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 17 יָשִֽׁיב | punct | |
| 19 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 17 יָשִֽׁיב | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נֶאֱמָן faithful | participle active · niphal | צִיר an envoy | |||
| שֹׁלְחָי [those | participle active · qal | ו who] sent him | |||
| יָשִֽׁיב he will restore | yiqtol · hiphil | נֶפֶשׁ the life | צִיר an envoy |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
אֵיךְ קְרִירוּתָא דְתַלְגָא בְּיוֹמָא דְחַצְדָא הֵיכְנָא אִזְגַדָא מְהֵימְנָא לִמְשַׁדְרוֹי וְנַפְשֵׁיהּ דְמָרֵיהּ מְהַפֵּךְ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:725.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.25.13/