Proverbs 28:16 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: prince, man · What happens: lack, be, hate, prolong · To what, where: understanding, great oppressor, covetousness
This is Proverbs 28:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — prince, man — and what happens in the verse to understanding, great oppressor, covetousness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
נָגִ֗יד חֲסַ֣ר תְּ֭בוּנוֹת וְרַ֥ב מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת שֹׂ֥נֵא בֶ֝֗צַע יַאֲרִ֥יךְ יָמִֽים׃פ
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | נָגִ֗יד | נָגִיד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 חֲסַ֣ר | nsubj | a ruler |
| 2 | חֲסַ֣ר | חָסֵר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | root | root | lacking |
| 3 | תְּ֭בוּנוֹת | תְּבוּנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 2 חֲסַ֣ר | compound:smixut | of understanding(s) |
| 4 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 רַ֥ב | cc | and |
| 5 | רַ֥ב | רַב | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 חֲסַ֣ר | conj | great |
| 6 | מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת | מַעֲשַׁקֹּות | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 5 רַ֥ב | compound:smixut | of extortion(s) |
| 7 | שֹׂ֥נֵא | שָׂנֵא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 9 יַאֲרִ֥יךְ | nsubj | [one who] hates |
| 8 | בֶ֝֗צַע | בֶּצַע | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 שֹׂ֥נֵא | compound:smixut | unjust gain |
| 9 | יַאֲרִ֥יךְ | אָרַךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 חֲסַ֣ר | parataxis | he will prolong |
| 10 | יָמִֽים | יוֹם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 9 יַאֲרִ֥יךְ | obj | days |
| 11 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 10 יָמִֽים | punct | |
| 12 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 10 יָמִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| שֹׂנֵא [one who] hates | participle active · qal | בֶצַע unjust gain | |||
| יַאֲרִיךְ he will prolong | yiqtol · hiphil | יָמִֽים days | שֹׂנֵא [one who] hates |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
שַׁלִיטָא חֲסִיר הַוְיָנָא סַגִיעָן עוֹשְׁקוֹי וְאִנָא דְשָׂנֵי טוּלְמַיָא נִגְדוּן יוֹמוֹי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:811.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.28.16/