Proverbs 28:3 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: poor man, sweeping rain · What happens: oppress, be, leave · To what, where: weak, food
This is Proverbs 28:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — poor man, sweeping rain — and what happens in the verse to weak, food, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
גֶּ֣בֶר רָ֭שׁ וְעֹשֵׁ֣ק דַּלִּ֑ים מָטָ֥ר סֹ֝חֵ֗ף וְאֵ֣ין לָֽחֶם׃
A poor man that oppresseth the weak is like a sweeping rain which leaveth no food.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גֶּ֣בֶר | גֶּבֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 מָטָ֥ר | nsubj | a man |
| 2 | רָ֭שׁ | רוּשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 1 גֶּ֣בֶר | acl:relcl | poor |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 עֹשֵׁ֣ק | cc | and |
| 4 | עֹשֵׁ֣ק | עָשַׁק | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 2 רָ֭שׁ | conj | [one who] oppresses |
| 5 | דַּלִּ֑ים | דַּל | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 4 עֹשֵׁ֣ק | obj | poor [people] |
| 6 | מָטָ֥ר | מָטַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | root | root | rain |
| 7 | סֹ֝חֵ֗ף | סָחַף | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 6 מָטָ֥ר | nmod | [which] prostrates |
| 8 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 אֵ֣ין | cc | and |
| 9 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 6 מָטָ֥ר | conj | there [is] not |
| 10 | לָֽחֶם | לֶחֶם | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | food |
| 11 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 10 לָֽחֶם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| רָשׁ poor | participle active · qal | גֶּבֶר a man | |||
| עֹשֵׁק [one who] oppresses | participle active · qal | גֶּבֶר a man | דַּלִּים poor [people] | ||
| סֹחֵף [which] prostrates | participle active · qal | מָטָר rain |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
גַבְרָא דְעָשֵׁק לְמִסְכְּנֵי אֵיךְ מִטְרָא חֲבִיטָא דְלֵית בֵּיהּ יִתְרָן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:798.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.28.3/