Proverbs 30:14 מִשְׁלֵי

Who acts: generation, teeth · What happens: be, generation, devour · To what, where: poor, earth

This is Proverbs 30:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — generation, teeth — and what happens in the verse to poor, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

דּ֤וֹר ׀ חֲרָב֣וֹת שִׁנָּיו֮ וּֽמַאֲכָל֪וֹת מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥יולֶאֱכֹ֣ל עֲנִיִּ֣ים מֵאֶ֑רֶץ וְ֝אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים מֵאָדָֽם׃פ

There is a generation whose teeth are as swords, and their great teeth as knives, to devour the poor from off the earth, and the needy from among men.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	דּ֤וֹר	דּוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	a generation
2	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	1 דּ֤וֹר	punct
3	חֲרָב֣וֹת	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	1 דּ֤וֹר	acl	[are] swords
4	שִׁנָּי	שֵׁן	NOUN	Number=Dual	3 חֲרָב֣וֹת	nsubj	teeth
5	ו֮	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 שִׁנָּי	nmod:poss	its
6	וּֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 מַאֲכָל֪וֹת	cc	and [are]
7	מַאֲכָל֪וֹת	מַאֲכֶלֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	3 חֲרָב֣וֹת	conj	knives
8	מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥י	מְתַלְּעוֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	7 מַאֲכָל֪וֹת	nsubj	fangs
9	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥י	nmod:poss	its
10	לֶ	לְ	ADP	_	11 אֱכֹ֣ל	case	to
11	אֱכֹ֣ל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 מַאֲכָל֪וֹת	advcl	devour
12	עֲנִיִּ֣ים	עָנִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 אֱכֹ֣ל	obj	afflicted [people]
13	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	14 אֶ֑רֶץ	case	from [the]
14	אֶ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 עֲנִיִּ֣ים	nmod	earth
15	וְ֝	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים	cc	and
16	אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים	אֶבְיוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 עֲנִיִּ֣ים	conj	needy [people]
17	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	18 אָדָֽם	case	from
18	אָדָֽם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים	nmod	humankind
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 אָדָֽם	punct
20	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	18 אָדָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
אֱכֹל devour	infinitive construct · qal	שִׁנָּי teeth + מְֽתַלְּעֹתָי fangs	עֲנִיִּים afflicted [people] + אֶבְיוֹנִים needy [people]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

דָרָא דְסָפְסְרֵי אִינוּן שִׁינוֹי וְחָרִיפֵי אִנוּן נִיבוֹי לְמֵיכַל מַסְכְּנֵי מֵאַרְעָא וְלַעֲלִיבֵי מִן בְּנֵי נָשָׁא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

There is a generation whose teeth are as swords, and their great teeth as knives, to devour the poor from off the earth, and the needy from among men.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:864.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.14/