Psalms 55:20 תְּהִלִּים
Who acts: God, Selah · What happens: hear, humble, enthrone, have, not fear · To what, where: iniquity, changes, God
This is Psalms 55:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, Selah — and what happens in the verse to iniquity, changes, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
יִשְׁמַ֤ע ׀ אֵ֨ל ׀ וְֽיַעֲנֵם֮ וְיֹ֤שֵׁ֥ב קֶ֗דֶם סֶ֥לָה אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֵ֣ין חֲלִיפ֣וֹת לָ֑מוֹ וְלֹ֖א יָרְא֣וּ אֱלֹהִֽים׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | יִשְׁמַ֤ע | שָׁמַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he will hear |
| 2 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 1 יִשְׁמַ֤ע | punct | |
| 3 | אֵ֨ל | אֵל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 יִשְׁמַ֤ע | nsubj | God |
| 4 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 3 אֵ֨ל | punct | |
| 5 | וְֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 יַעֲנ | cc | and |
| 6 | יַעֲנ | עָנָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 יִשְׁמַ֤ע | conj | he |
| 7 | ֵם֮ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 יַעֲנ | obj | will answer them |
| 8 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יֹ֤שֵׁ֥ב | cc | and |
| 9 | יֹ֤שֵׁ֥ב | יָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 3 אֵ֨ל | conj | [he is] sitting |
| 10 | קֶ֗דֶם | קֶדֶם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 יֹ֤שֵׁ֥ב | obl | antiquity |
| 11 | סֶ֥לָה | סֶלָה | INTJ | _ | 1 יִשְׁמַ֤ע | parataxis | Selah |
| 12 | אֲשֶׁ֤ר | אֲשֶׁר | SCONJ | _ | 13 אֵ֣ין | mark | whom |
| 13 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 1 יִשְׁמַ֤ע | parataxis | there [are] not |
| 14 | חֲלִיפ֣וֹת | חֲלִיפָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 13 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | changes |
| 15 | לָ֑ | לְ | ADP | _ | 16 מוֹ | case | for |
| 16 | מוֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 אֵ֣ין | obl | them |
| 17 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 19 יָרְא֣וּ | cc | and |
| 18 | לֹ֖א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 19 יָרְא֣וּ | advmod | not |
| 19 | יָרְא֣וּ | יָרֵא | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 13 אֵ֣ין | conj | they fear |
| 20 | אֱלֹהִֽים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 19 יָרְא֣וּ | obj | God |
| 21 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 20 אֱלֹהִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not יִשְׁמַע he will hear | yiqtol · qal | אֵל God | |||
| יַעֲנ he | yiqtol · qal | אֵל God | ֵם will answer them | ||
| יֹשֵׁב [he is] sitting | participle active · qal | אֵל God | |||
| not יָרְאוּ they fear | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִֽים God |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
יִשְׁמַע אֵל וִיקַבֵּל מִנְהוֹן וְיָתֵיב שְׁמַיָא מִלְקַדְמִין לְעַלְמִין וְרַשִׁיעֵי (דְלָא מִלְקַדְמִין) דְלָא מְהַשְׁנִין אוֹרְחַתְהוֹן בִּישַׁיָא וְלָא דְחַלוּן מִן קֳדָם אֱלָהָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:847.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.55.20/