Psalms 55:22 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: speeches, heart, words, God · What happens: be, edge, speak, word · To what, where: war, edged swords, mouth · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Psalms 55:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — speeches, heart, words, God — and what happens in the verse to war, edged swords, mouth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

חָלְק֤וּ ׀ מַחְמָאֹ֣ת פִּיו֮ וּֽקֲרָב־לִ֫בּ֥וֹ רַכּ֖וּ דְבָרָ֥יו מִשֶּׁ֗מֶן וְהֵ֣מָּה פְתִחֽוֹת׃

Smoother than cream were the speeches of his mouth, but his heart was war; his words were softer than oil, yet were they keen-edged swords.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	חָלְק֤וּ	חָלַק	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they were smooth
2	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	1 חָלְק֤וּ	punct
3	מַחְמָאֹ֣ת	מַחֲמָאֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	1 חָלְק֤וּ	nsubj	the creamy things
4	פִּי	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 מַחְמָאֹ֣ת	compound:smixut	his mouth
5	ו֮	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 פִּי	nmod:poss	his
6	וּֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 קֲרָב־	cc	and [was]
7	קֲרָב־	קְרָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 חָלְק֤וּ	conj	war
8	לִ֫בּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 קֲרָב־	compound:smixut	heart
9	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 לִ֫בּ	nmod:poss	his
10	רַכּ֖וּ	רָכַךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 חָלְק֤וּ	parataxis	they were soft
11	דְבָרָ֥י	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 רַכּ֖וּ	nsubj	words
12	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 דְבָרָ֥י	nmod:poss	his
13	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	14 שֶּׁ֗מֶן	case	more
14	שֶּׁ֗מֶן	שֶׁמֶן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 רַכּ֖וּ	obl	than oil
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 פְתִחֽוֹת	cc	and
16	הֵ֣מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 פְתִחֽוֹת	nsubj	they
17	פְתִחֽוֹת	פְּתִיחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	1 חָלְק֤וּ	conj	[were] drawn swords
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 פְתִחֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
חָלְקוּ they were smooth	qatal · qal	מַחְמָאֹת the creamy things
רַכּוּ they were soft	qatal · qal	דְבָרָי words

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

שְׁעִיְעָן יַתִּיר מִן שְׁמַן דְגוּבְנִין מִילֵי פּוּמֵיהּ וְהֵיךְ זְיָנֵי קְרָבָא לִבֵּיהּ רְכִיכָן מִלוֹי יַתִּיר מִן מְשַׁח וְאִינוּן מוּרְנְיָן דִקְטוֹל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Smoother than cream were the speeches of his mouth, but his heart was war; his words were softer than oil, yet were they keen-edged swords.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:849.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.55.22/